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^ 日本哺乳類学会 種名・標本検討委員会 目名問題検討作業部会「哺乳類の高次分類群および分類階級の日本語名称の提案について」『哺乳類科学』第43巻 2号、日本哺乳類学会、2003年、127-134頁。
^ Connor J. Burgin, Jane Widness & Nathan S. Upham (2020). “Introduction”. In: Connor J. Burgin, Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier, Anthony B. Rylands, Thomas E. Lacher & Wes Sechrest (eds.). Illustrated Checklist of the Mammals of the World. Volume 1. Lynx Edicions. Pages 23-40.
^ 長谷川 (2020), p. 270
^ a b 二階堂研究室
^ Nikaido et al. (1999)
^ a b Robert J Asher & Kristofer M Helgen (2010), Nomenclature and placental mammal phylogeny, BMC Evolutionary Biology, Volume 10, Article number 102.
^ 遠藤秀紀『解剖男』講談社〈講談社現代新書 1828〉、2006年、161-163頁。.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja1 q,.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja2 q{quotes:"「""」""『""』"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}ISBN 4061498282NCID BA75550095。https://iss.ndl.go.jp/books/R100000002-I000008100867-00。 
^ Peter J. Waddell, Norihiro Okada, Masami Hasegawa, Towards Resolving the Interordinal Relationships of Placental Mammals, Systematic Biology, Volume 48, Issue 1, Society of Systematic Biologists, 1999, Pages 1?5.
^ Ulfur Arnason, Anette Gullberg, Solveig Gretarsdottir, Bjorn Ursing & Axel Janke, The Mitochondrial Genome of the Sperm Whale and a New Molecular Reference for Estimating Eutherian Divergence Dates, Journal of Molecular Evolution, Volume 50, Springer, 2000, Pages 569?578.
^ Shimamura, M; Yasue, H; Ohshima, K; Abe, H; Kato, H; Kishiro, T; Goto, M; Munechika, I et al. (1997). “Molecular evidence from retroposons that whales form a clade within even-toed ungulates.”. Nature 388. PMID 9262391. https://www.nature.com/articles/41759. 
^ Nikaido, Masato; Rooney, Alejandro P.; Okada, Norihiro (August 31, 1999). ⇒“Phylogenetic relationships among cetaritodactyls based on insertions of short and long interspersed elements: Hippopotamuses are the closest extant relatives of whales”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 96 (18): 10261-10266. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.18.10261. ⇒http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/96/18/10261
^ Connor J. Burgin, Jocelyn P. Colella, Philip L. Kahn, Nathan S. Upham (2018), How many species of mammals are there?, Journal of Mammalogy, Volume 99, Issue 1, American Society of Mammalogists, Pages 1?14.
^ Beck, N.R. (2006). “A higher-level MRP supertree of placental mammals”. BMC Evol Biol 6: 93. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-6-93. PMC 1654192. PMID 17101039. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1654192/. 
^ O'Leary, M.A.; Bloch, J.I.; Flynn, J.J.; Gaudin, T.J.; Giallombardo, A.; Giannini, N.P.; Goldberg, S.L.; Kraatz, B.P. et al. (2013). “The Placental Mammal Ancestor and the Post-K-Pg Radiation of Placentals”. Science 339 (6120): 662-667. doi:10.1126/science.1229237. hdl:11336/7302. PMID 23393258. 
^ Song, S.; Liu, L.; Edwards, S.V.; Wu, S. (2012). “Resolving conflict in eutherian mammal phylogeny using phylogenomics and the multispecies coalescent model”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109 (37): 14942-14947. doi:10.1073/pnas.1211733109. PMID 22930817. 
^ dos Reis, M.; Inoue, J.; Hasegawa, M.; Asher, R.J.; Donoghue, P.C.J.; Yang, Z. (2012). “Phylogenomic datasets provide both precision and accuracy in estimating the timescale of placental mammal phylogeny”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279 (1742): 3491-3500. doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.0683. PMC 3396900. PMID 22628470. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3396900/. 
^ Upham, N.S.; Esselstyn, J.A.; Jetz, W. (2019). “Inferring the mammal tree: Species-level sets of phylogenies for questions in ecology, evolution, and conservation”. PLOS Biology 17 (12): e3000494. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000494. PMID 31800571. (see e.g. Fig S10)
^ “イルカの胃”. (株)海の中道海洋生態科学館. 2002年6月18日時点の ⇒オリジナルよりアーカイブ。
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