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^ Thomas KE, Hasbun R, Jekel J, Quagliarello VJ (July 2002). ⇒“The diagnostic accuracy of Kernig's sign,Brudzinski neck sign, and 項部硬直 in adults with suspected meningitis”. Clinical Infectious Diseases 35 (1): 46?52. doi:10.1086/340979. PMID 12060874. ⇒http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/35/1/46.full.pdf
^ 岡田定 編, 「最速!聖路加診断術」, p45.
^ Tokuda Y, et al. Internal Med. 2009;48:537-43.
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^ Raman Sharma R (2010). “Fungal infections of the nervous system: current perspective and controversies in management”. International journal of surgery (London, England) 8 (8): 591?601. doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2010.07.293. PMID 20673817. 
^ a b c Sirven JI, Malamut BL (2008). Clinical neurology of the older adult (2nd ed. ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 439. ISBN 9780781769471. https://books.google.ca/books?id=c1tL8C9ryMQC&pg=PA439&hl=en 
^ Honda H, Warren DK (2009 Sep). “Central nervous system infections: meningitis and brain abscess”. Infectious disease clinics of North America 23 (3): 609?23. doi:10.1016/j.idc.2009.04.009. PMID 19665086. 
^ Kauffman CA, Pappas PG, Patterson TF (19 October 2012). “Fungal infections associated with contaminated methyprednisolone injections?preliminary report”. New England Journal of Medicine Online first. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1212617. 
^ Kauffman CA, Pappas PG, Sobel JD, Dismukes WE. Essentials of clinical mycology (2nd ed. ed.). New York: Springer. p. 77. ISBN 9781441966391. https://books.google.ca/books?id=8IySvRT52KkC&pg=PA77&hl=en 
^ Kauffman CA, Pappas PG, Sobel JD, Dismukes WE. Essentials of clinical mycology (2nd ed. ed.). New York: Springer. p. 31. ISBN 9781441966391. https://books.google.ca/books?id=8IySvRT52KkC&pg=PA31&hl=en 
^ Park, Benjamin J; Park BJ, Wannemuehler KA, Marston BJ, Govender N, Pappas PG, Chiller TM. (2009年2月1日). “Estimation of the current global burden of cryptococcal meningitis among persons living with HIV/AIDS”. AIDS 23 (4): 525?530. doi:10.1097/QAD.0b013e328322ffac. PMID 19182676. 
^ a b Graeff-Teixeira C, da Silva AC, Yoshimura K (Apr 2009). ⇒“Update on eosinophilic meningoencephalitis and its clinical relevance”. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 22 (2): 322?48. doi:10.1128/CMR.00044-08. PMC 2668237. PMID 19366917. ⇒http://cmr.asm.org/content/22/2/322.full.pdf
^ Gleissner B, Chamberlain MC (May 2006). “Neoplastic meningitis”. Lancet Neurol 5 (5): 443?52. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(06)70443-4. PMID 16632315. 
^ Moris G, Garcia-Monco JC (June 1999). ⇒“The Challenge of Drug-Induced Aseptic Meningitis”. Archives of Internal Medicine 159 (11): 1185?94. doi:10.1001/archinte.159.11.1185. PMID 10371226. ⇒http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/reprint/159/11/1185.pdf
^ Tebruegge M, Curtis N (July 2008). “Epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of recurrent bacterial meningitis”. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 21 (3): 519?37. doi:10.1128/CMR.00009-08. PMC 2493086. PMID 18625686. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2493086/. 
^ Provan, Drew; Andrew Krentz (2005). Oxford Handbook of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-856663-8 
^ a b c d e Chaudhuri A, Martinez?Martin P, Martin PM et al. (July 2008). “EFNS guideline on the management of community-acquired bacterial meningitis: report of an EFNS Task Force on acute bacterial meningitis in older children and adults”. European Journal of Neurolology 15 (7): 649?59. doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2008.02193.x. PMID 18582342. 
^ a b c d Straus SE, Thorpe KE, Holroyd-Leduc J (October 2006). “How do I perform a lumbar puncture and analyze the results to diagnose bacterial meningitis?”. Journal of the American Medical Association 296 (16): 2012?22. doi:10.1001/jama.296.16.2012. PMID 17062865. 
^ a b c d e Heyderman RS, Lambert HP, O'Sullivan I, Stuart JM, Taylor BL, Wall RA (February 2003). ⇒“Early management of suspected bacterial meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia in adults”. The Journal of infection 46 (2): 75?7. doi:10.1053/jinf.2002.1110. PMID 12634067. ⇒http://www.britishinfection.org/drupal/sites/default/files/meningitisJI2003.pdf.  ? formal guideline at British Infection Society & UK Meningitis Research Trust (2004年12月). “ ⇒Early management of suspected meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia in immunocompetent adults”. British Infection Society Guidelines. 2008年10月19日閲覧。
^ Maconochie I, Baumer H, Stewart ME (2008). MacOnochie, Ian K. ed. “Fluid therapy for acute bacterial meningitis”. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1): CD004786. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004786.pub3. PMID 18254060. CD004786. 
^ a b Perfect JR, Dismukes WE, Dromer F et al (2010). ⇒“Clinical practice guidelines for the management of cryptococcal disease: 2010 update by the infectious diseases society of america”. Clinical Infectious Diseases 50 (3): 291?322. doi:10.1086/649858. PMID 20047480. ⇒http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/50/3/291.long
^ Sakushima, K; Hayashino, Y; Kawaguchi, T; Jackson, JL; Fukuhara, S (2011 Apr). “Diagnostic accuracy of cerebrospinal fluid lactate for differentiating bacterial meningitis from aseptic meningitis: a meta-analysis.”. The Journal of infection 62 (4): 255?62. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2011.02.010. PMID 21382412. 
^ Thwaites G, Chau TT, Mai NT, Drobniewski F, McAdam K, Farrar J (March 2000). ⇒“Tuberculous meningitis”. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 68 (3): 289?99. doi:10.1136/jnnp.68.3.289. PMC 1736815. PMID 10675209. ⇒http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/68/3/289.full.pdf

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