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^ ⇒Management of invasive meningococcal disease in children and young people. Edinburgh: Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN). (May 2008). ISBN 978-1-905813-31-5. ⇒http://www.sign.ac.uk/pdf/sign102.pdf
^ Thomas KE, Hasbun R, Jekel J, Quagliarello VJ (July 2002). ⇒“The diagnostic accuracy of Kernig's sign,Brudzinski neck sign, and 項部硬直 in adults with suspected meningitis”. Clinical Infectious Diseases 35 (1): 46?52. doi:10.1086/340979. PMID 12060874. ⇒http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/35/1/46.full.pdf.
^ 岡田定 編, 「最速！聖路加診断術」, p45.
^ Tokuda Y, et al. Internal Med. 2009;48:537-43.
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