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^ kotobank - 日立ソリューションズ・世界大百科事典 ⇒「模写電送」
^ Tom Standage, ⇒The Victorian Internet, Walker Publishing, New York, 1998 ISBN 0-8027-1342-4, pp. 1-2
^ John Joseph Fahie, ⇒A history of electric telegraphy, to the year 1837, Spon, London, 1884, p59
^ E. A. Marland, Early Electrical Communication, Abelard-Schuman Ltd, London 1964, no ISBN, Library of Congress 64-20875, pages 17-19
^ a b Jones, R. Victor ⇒Samuel Thomas von Sommering's "Space Multiplexed" Electrochemical Telegraph (1808-10), Harvard University website. Attributed to "Semaphore to Satellite" , International Telecommunication Union, Geneva 1965. Retrieved 2009-05-01
^ “KELMSCOTT HOUSE - 1193040 。Historic England” (英語). historicengland.org.uk. 2021年8月6日閲覧。
^ ⇒A collection of internet biographies
^ “Joseph Henry: Inventor of the Telegraph? Smithsonian Institution”. 2006年6月26日時点の ⇒オリジナルよりアーカイブ。2006年6月29日閲覧。
^ Thomas Coulson (1950). Joseph Henry: His Life and Work. Princeton: Princeton University Press
^ Huurdeman, A.A., The worldwide history of telecommunications, p.54, Wiley-IEEE, 2003 ISBN 0-471-20505-2
^ Popular Science, February 1882, vol.20, no.28, p.568, Bonnier Corporation, ISSN 0161-7370.
^ a b ⇒The telegraphic age dawns BT Group Connected Earth Online Museum. Accessed December 2010
^ Hubbard, Geoffrey (1965) Cooke and Wheatstone and the Invention of the Electric Telegraph, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London p. 78
^ “ ⇒John Tawell, The Man Hanged by the Electric Telegraph”. University of Salford. 2009年1月11日閲覧。
^ Daniel Walker Howe " ⇒What God Hath Wrought," American Heritage, Winter 2010.
^ Hays, Wilma Pitchford (1960). Samuel Morse and the telegraph. F. Watts. p. 35. https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=69EOAQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y&hl=ja 2012年1月4日閲覧。
^ ⇒The History of the Telegraph and Telegraphy at About.com
^ ⇒Pennsylvania Department of Labor & Industry: Historical Markers: Lancaster County. Accessed 10 January 2009.
^ Arrington, Leonard J., 1985, Brigham Young: The American Moses, New York: Knopf, p 294
^ Wilson, Arthur (1994). The Living Rock: The Story of Metals Since Earliest Times and Their Impact on Civilization. p. 203. Woodhead Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85573-301-5.
^ Nicholas Carr, Does IT matter? pp 27-8
^ Bray, John "The First Telegraph and Cable Engineers" in The Communications Miracle ? The Telecommunications Pioneers from Morse to the Information Superhighway, Plenum Press, New York, 1995, pp 35-49
^ Thompson, Robert Luther, "Emergence of the American Telegraph" in Technology and Society ? Wiring a Continent, The History of the Telegraph Industry in the United States 1832-1866, Arno Press, New York, 1972, pp299-310
^ a b Winston, Brian "The Telegraph" in Media Technology and Society, A History: From the Telegraph to the Internet, Routledge Publications, London, 1998, pp19-30
^ a b c d “通信偉人伝 FILE5 佐久間象山 「黒船と共に、"電信"は日本へとやってきた」”. Voice from NTT東日本. NTT東日本. 2011年3月23日時点の ⇒オリジナルよりアーカイブ。2018年12月12日閲覧。
^ NTT西日本 ⇒「電信電話のあゆみ」[リンク切れ]
^ “ ⇒長崎?東京?札幌間の電信線網完成。1872年には赤間関海峡に日本初の海底線が施設され、1874年には東京?青森間と津軽海峡の海底線が竣工。”. 北九州イノベーションギャラリー. 2013年6月20日閲覧。
^ Wheen, Andrew. DOT-DASH TO DOT.COM: How Modern Telecommunications Evolved from the Telegraph to the Internet (Springer, 2011), p259
参考文献.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}
Cooke, W.F., The Electric Telegraph, Was it invented by Prof. Wheatstone?, London 1856.
Gray, Thomas (1892). “The Inventors Of The Telegraph And Telephone”. Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution 71: 639?659. https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=tnjfe4vEBGwC&pg=PA639&redir_esc=y&hl=ja 2009年8月7日閲覧。
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