鐙骨 - 暇つぶしWikipedia

鐙骨

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スペインの解剖学者Pedro Jimenoは Dialogus de re medica (1549) の中で初めて記述したとされている [15]。
出典 ^ Awengen, D. F.; Nishihara, S.; Kurokawa, H.; Goode, R. L. (April 1995). “Measurements of the stapes superstructure”. The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology 104 (4 Pt 1): 311?6. doi:10.1177/000348949510400411. .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja1 q,.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja2 q{quotes:"「""」""『""』"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}PMID 7717624.
^ a b Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, Wayne; Tibbitts, Adam W. M. Mitchell (2005). Gray's Anatomy for Students. Illustrations by Richard Tibbitts and Paul Richardson. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 978-0-8089-2306-0
^ a b c Chapman, S. C. (January 1, 2011). “Can you hear me now? Understanding vertebrate middle ear development”. Frontiers in Bioscience 16: 1675?92. doi:10.2741/3813. PMC 3065862. PMID 21196256. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065862/.
^ Rodriguez-Vazquez, J. F. (August 2005). “Development of the stapes and associated structures in human embryos”. Journal of Anatomy 207 (2): 165?173. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00441.x. PMC 1571512. PMID 16050903. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1571512/.
^ Romer, Alfred Sherwood; Parsons, Thomas S (1977). The Vertebrate Body. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Holt-Saunders International. ISBN 978-0-03-910284-5
^ pars media plectra とは”plectrumの中央部分”の意味であり、Romer, Parsons, (1977)の和訳である"A.S.ローマー, T.S.パーソンズ　『脊椎動物のからだ　その比較解剖学』　法政大学出版局　1983年　ISBN 4588768018" ではplectrumに撥骨（ばちこつ）との仮訳をあてている
 ^ Arensburg, B.; Harell, M.; Nathan, H. (February 1981). “The human middle ear ossicles: Morphometry, and taxonomic implications”. Journal of Human Evolution 10 (2): 199?205. doi:10.1016/S0047-2484(81)80018-8.
^ a b Mutlu, C.; da Costa, S. S.; Paparella, MM; Schachern, Pennsylvania (1998). “Clinical-histopathological correlations of pitfalls in middle ear surgery.”. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 255 (4): 189?194. doi:10.1007/s004050050041. PMID 9592676.
^ Silbergleit, R.; Quint, D. J.; Mehta, B. A.; Patel, S. C.; Metes, J. J.; Noujaim, S. E. (Mar 2000). “The persistent stapedial artery”. American Journal of Neuroradiology 21 (3): 572?577. PMID 10730654.
^ Reiber, M.; Schwaber, M. (February 1997). “Congenital absence of stapes and facial nerve dehiscence”. Otolaryngology?Head and Neck Surgery 116 (2): 278. doi:10.1016/S0194-5998(97)70343-7. PMID 9051082.
^ a b Tympanoplasty, Mastoidectomy, and Stapes Surgery. Georg Thieme Verlag. (2008). ISBN 978-1-282-86537-2
^ Menger, D. J.; Tange, R. A. (April 2003). “The aetiology of otosclerosis: a review of the literature”. Clinical Otolaryngology and Allied Sciences 28 (2): 112?120. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2273.2003.00675.x. PMID 12680829.
^ Hall, John E.; Guyton, Arthur C. (2005). Textbook of medical physiology (11th ed.). Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders. ISBN 978-0-7216-0240-0
^ Dispenza, F.; Cappello, F.; Kulamarva, G.; De Stefano, A. (October 2013). “The discovery of stapes”. Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica 33 (5): 357?359. PMC 3825043. PMID 24227905. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3825043/.
^ Mudry, Albert (April 2013). “Disputes Surrounding the Discovery of the Stapes in the Mid 16th Century”. Otology & Neurotology 34 (3): 588?592. doi:10.1097/MAO.0b013e31827d8abc. PMID 23370557.

外部リンク.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}ウィキメディア・コモンズには、鐙骨に関連するメディアがあります。

“ ⇒3-D Virtual Models of the Human Temporal Bone and Related Structures”. Eaton Peabody Laboratory of Auditory Physiology. 2016年9月8日閲覧。

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出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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