農民
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^ Gies, Frances and Joseph. Life in a Medieval Village New York: Harper, 1989, pp 12-18
^ David Moon, The abolition of serfdom in Russia, 1762-1907 (2001) pp. 98?114
^ Pipes, Richard (1995) [1974]. Russia Under the Old Regime: Second edition. p. 163. ISBN 978-0140247688 
^ Eda Sagarra, A Social History of Germany: 1648-1914 (1977) pp. 140-54
^ The monasteries of Bavaria, which controlled 56% of the land, were broken up by the government, and sold off around 1803. Thomas Nipperdey, Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck: 1800-1866 (1996), p. 59
^ For details on the life of a representative peasant farmer, who migrated in 1710 to Pennsylvania, see Bernd Kratz, he was a farmer, "Hans Stauffer: A Farmer in Germany before his Emigration to Pennsylvania," Genealogist, Fall 2008, Vol. 22 Issue 2, pp. 131-169
^ Joseph A. Amato, "Eugen Weber's France", Journal of Social History, Vol. 25, 1992, pp. 879?882.
^ Eugen Weber, "The Second Republic, Politics, and the Peasant", French Historical Studies Vol. 11, No. 4 (Autumn, 1980), pp. 521 ? 550 (in JSTOR).
^ Ted W. Margadant, "French Rural Society in the Nineteenth Century: A Review Essay", Agricultural History, Summer 1979, Vol. 53 No. 3, pp. 644?651.
^ Myron Cohen, Kinship, Contract, Community, and State: Anthropological Perspectives on China. 2005. p. 64
^ Myron Cohen, Kinship, Contract, Community, and State: Anthropological Perspectives on China. 2005. p. 65
^ Myron Cohen, Kinship, Contract, Community, and State: Anthropological Perspectives on China. 2005. p. 68
^ Mei, Yi-tsi. Ideology, Power, Text: Self-Representation and the Peasant 'Other' in Modern Chinese Literature. 1998. p. 26
^ Myron Cohen, Kinship, Contract, Community, and State: Anthropological Perspectives on China. 2005. p. 73
^ “Shabbat Nahamu VI - Torah commentary - Pirke Abot: II:4”. Esnoga Bet Emunah 2008. 2014年8月13日時点の ⇒オリジナルよりアーカイブ。2014年5月19日閲覧。
^ Chill, Abraham; Chill, translated by Abraham (1991). Abrabanel on Pirke Avot = [Pir?e avot, Na?alat avot] : a digest of Rabbi Isaac Abrabanel's "Nahalat avot" with selections from other classical commentaries on Pirkei avot. New York: Sepher-Hermon Press. pp. 109?113. ISBN 0-87203-135-7 
^ Kravitz and Olitzky, eds.. “ ⇒Pirkei Avot”. Ethical Teachings - Selections from Pirkei Avot. Ethical Teachings - Selections from Pirkei Avot. Union for Reform Judaism and URJ Press. 2014年5月19日閲覧。
^ Richard Southern: The Making of the Middle Ages (1952)
^ Wolf, Eric R. (1965). Peasants. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 978-0136554561 
^ Eric R. Wolf, Peasant Wars of the Twentieth Century (New York,: Harper & Row, 1969).
^ Myron Cohen, "Cultural and Political Inventions in Modern China: The Case of the Chinese 'Peasant'", Daedalus 122.2 (Spring 1993): 151-170.

参考文献

Bix, Herbert P. Peasant Protest in Japan, 1590-1884 (1986)

Cohen, Myron. "Cultural and Political Inventions in Modern China: The Case of the Chinese 'Peasant'", Daedalus 122.2 (Spring 1993): 151-170.

Evans, Richard J., and W. R. Lee, eds. The German Peasantry: Conflict and Community from the Eighteenth to the Twentieth Centuries (1986)

Hobsbawm, E. J. "Peasants and politics," Journal of Peasant Studies, Volume 1, Issue 1 October 1973, pages 3 ? 22 - article discusses the definition of "peasant" as used in social sciences

Macey, David A. J. Government and Peasant in Russia, 1861-1906; The Pre-History of the Stolypin Reforms (1987).

Thomas, William I., and Florian Znaniecki. The Polish Peasant in Europe and America (2 vol. 1918); classic sociological study; ⇒
complete text online free

Wharton, Clifton R. Subsistence agriculture and economic development,. Chicago: Aldine Pub. Co., 1969. Print.o.

Wolf, Eric R. Peasants (Prentice-Hall, 1966).

Wolf, Eric R. Peasant Wars of the Twentieth Century (Harper & Row, 1969).


Akram-Lodhi, A. Haroon, and Cristobal Kay, eds. Peasants and Globalization: Political Economy, Rural Transformation and the Agrarian Question (2009)

Barkin, David. "Who Are The Peasants?" Latin American Research Review, 2004, Vol. 39 Issue 3, pp. 270?281

Brass, Tom. Peasants, Populism and Postmodernism (2000)

Brass, Tom. Class, Culture and the Agrarian Myth (2014)

Brass, Tom, ed. New Farmers' Movements in India (1995)

Brass, Tom, ed. Latin American Peasants (2003)

Scott, James C. The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and Subsistence in Southeast Asia (1976)

関連項目

農本思想

家族経済

封建制

民話

農民経済

農民党

ワット・タイラーの乱

ドイツ農民反乱

ディットマールシェン

小貴族

中世後期の農民反乱

農奴制

分益小作

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