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^ Eme, Laura; Tamarit, Daniel; Caceres, Eva F.; Stairs, Courtney W.; De Anda, Valerie; Schon, Max E.; Seitz, Kiley W.; Dombrowski, Nina et al. (29 June 2023). “Inference and reconstruction of the heimdallarchaeial ancestry of eukaryotes”. Nature 618 (7967): 992?999. Bibcode: 2023Natur.618..992E. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06186-2. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 10307638. PMID 37316666. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10307638/. 
^ Seenivasan, Ramkumar; Sausen, Nicole; Medlin, Linda K.; Melkonian, Michael (26 March 2013). “Picomonas judraskeda Gen. Et Sp. Nov.: The First Identified Member of the Picozoa Phylum Nov., a Widespread Group of Picoeukaryotes, Formerly Known as 'Picobiliphytes'”. PLOS ONE 8 (3): e59565. Bibcode: 2013PLoSO...859565S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059565. PMC 3608682. PMID 23555709. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3608682/. 
^ Wood, Gerald (1983). The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats. Enfield, Middlesex : Guinness Superlatives. ISBN 978-0-85112-235-9. https://archive.org/details/guinnessbookofan00wood 
^ Earle CJ: “Sequoia sempervirens”. The Gymnosperm Database (2017年). 2016年4月1日時点の ⇒オリジナルよりアーカイブ。2017年9月15日閲覧。
^ van den Hoek, C.; Mann, D.G.; Jahns, H.M. (1995). Algae An Introduction to Phycology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-30419-9. オリジナルの10 February 2023時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20230210172546/https://books.google.com/books?id=xuUoiFesSHMC 2023年4月7日閲覧。 
^ a b Burki F (May 2014). “The eukaryotic tree of life from a global phylogenomic perspective”. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology 6 (5): a016147. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a016147. PMC 3996474. PMID 24789819. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3996474/. 
^ DeRennaux, B. (2001). “Eukaryotes, Origin of”. Encyclopedia of Biodiversity. 2. Elsevier. pp. 329?332. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-384719-5.00174-x. ISBN 9780123847201 
^ Yamaguchi M, Worman CO (2014). “Deep-sea microorganisms and the origin of the eukaryotic cell”. Japanese Journal of Protozoology 47 (1,2): 29?48. ⇒オリジナルの9 August 2017時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20170809103456/http://protistology.jp/journal/jjp47/JJP47YAMAGUCHI.pdf. 
^ Bar-On, Yinon M.; Phillips, Rob; Milo, Ron (2018-05-17). “The biomass distribution on Earth”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115 (25): 6506?6511. Bibcode: 2018PNAS..115.6506B. doi:10.1073/pnas.1711842115. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 6016768. PMID 29784790. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6016768/. 
^ a b c d Burki, Fabien; Roger, Andrew J.; Brown, Matthew W.; Simpson, Alastair G.B. (2020). “The New Tree of Eukaryotes”. Trends in Ecology & Evolution (Elsevier BV) 35 (1): 43?55. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2019.08.008. ISSN 0169-5347. PMID 31606140. https://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1387649/FULLTEXT01. 
^ Grosberg, RK; Strathmann, RR (2007). “The evolution of multicellularity: A minor major transition?”. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 38: 621?654. doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.36.102403.114735. オリジナルの14 March 2023時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20230314222721/https://grosberglab.faculty.ucdavis.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/453/2017/05/2007-Grosberg-R.-K.-and-R.-R.-Strathmann.pdf 2023年4月8日閲覧。. 
^ Parfrey, L.W.; Lahr, D.J.G. (2013). “Multicellularity arose several times in the evolution of eukaryotes”. BioEssays 35 (4): 339?347. doi:10.1002/bies.201200143. PMID 23315654. ⇒オリジナルの25 July 2014時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20140725235332/http://www.producao.usp.br/bitstream/handle/BDPI/45022/339_ftp.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y 2023年4月8日閲覧。. 
^ Popper, Zoe A.; Michel, Gurvan; Herve, Cecile; Domozych, David S.; Willats, William G.T.; Tuohy, Maria G.; Kloareg, Bernard; Stengel, Dagmar B. (2011). “Evolution and diversity of plant cell walls: From algae to flowering plants”. Annual Review of Plant Biology 62: 567?590. doi:10.1146/annurev-arplant-042110-103809. hdl:10379/6762. PMID 21351878. 
^ Harper, Douglas. "eukaryotic". Online Etymology Dictionary.
^ Bonev, B; Cavalli, G (14 October 2016). “Organization and function of the 3D genome”. Nature Reviews Genetics 17 (11): 661?678. doi:10.1038/nrg.2016.112. hdl:2027.42/151884. PMID 27739532. 
^ O'Connor, Clare (2008年). “Chromosome Segregation: The Role of Centromeres”. Nature Education. 2024年2月18日閲覧。 “eukar”
^ a b Brocks JJ, Logan GA, Buick R, Summons RE (August 1999). “Archean molecular fossils and the early rise of eukaryotes”. Science 285 (5430): 1033?1036. Bibcode: 1999Sci...285.1033B. doi:10.1126/science.285.5430.1033. PMID 10446042. 
^ Hartman H, Fedorov A (February 2002). “The origin of the eukaryotic cell: a genomic investigation”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99 (3): 1420?5. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...99.1420H. doi:10.1073/pnas.032658599. PMC 122206. PMID 11805300. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC122206/. 
^ Linka M, Weber AP (2011). “Evolutionary Integration of Chloroplast Metabolism with the Metabolic Networks of the Cells”. Functional Genomics and Evolution of Photosynthetic Systems. Springer. p. 215. ISBN 978-94-007-1533-2. オリジナルの29 May 2016時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://books.google.com/books?id=WfzEgaLibuwC&pg=PA215 2015年10月27日閲覧。 
^ Marsh M (2001). Endocytosis. Oxford University Press. p. vii. ISBN 978-0-19-963851-2 
^ Stalder, Daniele; Gershlick, David C. (November 2020). “Direct trafficking pathways from the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane”. Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology 107: 112?125. doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.04.001. PMC 7152905. PMID 32317144. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7152905/. 
^ Hetzer MW (March 2010). “The nuclear envelope”. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology 2 (3): a000539. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a000539. PMC 2829960. PMID 20300205. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2829960/. 
^ “Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough and Smooth)”. British Society for Cell Biology. 2019年3月24日時点の ⇒オリジナルよりアーカイブ。
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