異教徒 - 暇つぶしWikipedia

異教徒

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^ a b c Moses Maimonides (2012). “Hilkhot M'lakhim (Laws of Kings and Wars)”. Mishneh Torah. Sefaria. p. 8:14. https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah%2C_Kings_and_Wars.8?lang=bi 2021年7月13日閲覧。
^ a b Singer, Isidore; Greenstone, Julius H. (1906). ⇒"Noachian Laws". Jewish Encyclopedia. Kopelman Foundation. 2012年2月5日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2020年11月10日閲覧。 "The Seven Laws. Laws which were supposed by the Rabbis to have been binding upon mankind at large even before the revelation at Sinai, and which are still binding upon non-Jews. The term Noachian indicates the universality of these ordinances, since the whole human race was supposed to be descended from the three sons of Noah, who alone survived the Flood. [...] Basing their views on the passage in ⇒Genesis 2:16, they declared that the following six commandments were enjoined upon Adam: (1) not to worship idols; (2) not to blaspheme the name of God; (3) to establish courts of justice; (4) not to kill; (5) not to commit adultery; and (6) not to rob (Gen. R. xvi. 9, xxiv. 5; Cant. R. i. 16; comp. Seder 'Olam Rabbah, ed. Ratner, ch. v. and notes, Wilna, 1897; Maimonides, "Yad," Melakim, ix. 1). A seventh commandment was added after the Flood?not to eat flesh that had been cut from a living animal ( ⇒Genesis 9:4). [...] Thus, the Talmud frequently speaks of "the seven laws of the sons of Noah," which were regarded as obligatory upon all mankind, in contradistinction to those that were binding upon Israelites only (Tosef., 'Ab. Zarah, ix. 4; Sanh. 56a et seq.). [...] He who observed the seven Noachian laws was regarded as a domiciled alien, as one of the pious of the Gentiles, and was assured of a portion in the world to come (Tosef., Sanh. xiii. 1; Sanh. 105a; comp. ib. 91b; "Yad," l.c. viii. 11)."
^ Berlin, Meyer; Zevin, Shlomo Yosef, eds. (1992) [1969]. "BEN NOAH". Encyclopedia Talmudica: A Digest of Halachic Literature and Jewish Law from the Tannaitic Period to the Present Time, Alphabetically Arranged. Vol. IV. Jerusalem: Yad Harav Herzog (Emet). pp. 360?380. ISBN 0873067142。
^ a b Spitzer, Jeffrey (2018年). “The Noahide Laws”. My Jewish Learning. 2020年11月10日閲覧。
^ a b Kellner, Menachem (1991). Maimonides on Judaism and the Jewish people. SUNY Series in Jewish Philosophy. Albany, New York: SUNY Press. p. 44. ISBN 0-7914-0691-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=HBWiRKhun4oC&pg=PA44. "against my reading of Maimonides is strengthened by the fact that Maimonides himself says that the ger toshav is accepted only during the time that the Jubilee is practiced. The Jubilee year is no longer practiced in this dispensation [...]. Second, it is entirely reasonable to assume that Maimonides thought that the messianic conversion of the Gentiles would be a process that occurred in stages and that some or all Gentiles would go through the status of ger toshav on their way to the status of full convert, ger tzedek. But this question aside, there are substantial reasons why it is very unlikely that Maimonides foresaw a messianic era in which the Gentiles would become only semi-converts (ger toshav) and not full converts (ger tzedek). Put simply, semi-converts are not separate from the Jews but equal to them; their status is in every way inferior and subordinate to that of the Jews. They are separate and unequal."
^ Darlington, Stephen (31 December 2018) (English). Pearson Edexcel Religious Studies A level/AS Student Guide: Christianity. Hodder Education. ISBN 978-1-5104-3258-1
^ 中山昌樹『聖アウグスティヌス伝及神の国』新生堂
 ^ 岩下壮一『アウグスチヌス-神の国』大思想文庫
 ^ Canaris, Michael M.. Francis A. Sullivan, S.J. and Ecclesiological Hermeneutics. pp. 118?119. ISBN 978-90-04-32684-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=b35yDQAAQBAJ
^ Martyr, Justin (1997). Barnard, Leslie William. ed. The First and Second Apologies. New York: Paulist Press. ISBN 978-0-8091-0472-7. https://archive.org/details/firstsecondapolo00just_0 , p. 55.
^ ジャン・カルヴァン『キリスト教綱要』改革派教会,渡辺信夫訳
 ^ ⇒ケリー博士の宣教師の教訓ロバート・ハイマース

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