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無神論

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^ Martin 2006, p. 2: "But agnosticism is compatible with negative atheism in that agnosticism entails negative atheism. Since agnostics do not believe in God, they are by definition negative atheists. This is not to say that negative atheism entails agnosticism. A negative atheist might disbelieve in God but need not."
^ Barker 2008, p. 96: "People are invariably surprised to hear me say I am both an atheist and an agnostic, as if this somehow weakens my certainty. I usually reply with a question like, "Well, are you a Republican or an American?" The two words serve different concepts and are not mutually exclusive. Agnosticism addresses knowledge; atheism addresses belief. The agnostic says, "I don't have a knowledge that God exists." The atheist says, "I don't have a belief that God exists." You can say both things at the same time. Some agnostics are atheistic and some are theistic."
^ Nielsen 2013: "atheism, in general, the critique and denial of metaphysical beliefs in God or spiritual beings. As such, it is usually distinguished from theism, which affirms the reality of the divine and often seeks to demonstrate its existence. Atheism is also distinguished from agnosticism, which leaves open the question whether there is a god or not, professing to find the questions unanswered or unanswerable."
^ ⇒"Atheism". Encyclopadia Britannica Concise. Merriam Webster. 2012年1月21日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2011年12月15日閲覧。Critique and denial of metaphysical beliefs in God or divine beings. Unlike agnosticism, which leaves open the question of whether there is a God, atheism is a positive denial. It is rooted in an array of philosophical systems.
^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Atheism" . Encyclopadia Britannica (英語) (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. But dogmatic atheism is rare compared with the sceptical type, which is identical with agnosticism in so far as it denies the capacity of the mind of man to form any conception of God, but is different from it in so far as the agnostic merely holds his judgment in suspense, though, in practice, agnosticism is apt to result in an attitude towards religion which is hardly distinguishable from a passive and unaggressive atheism.
^ Martin 2006.
^ Lois Lee & Stephen Bullivant, A Dictionary of Atheism (Oxford University Press, 2016).
^ Wolff, Gary, in The New Atheism, The Church of the Non-Believers reprinted in Wired Magazine, November 2006
^ Walpola RahulaのWhat the Buddha Taught 1974 51?52頁
 ^ 「自然の弁証法」
^ “Albania finds religion after decades of atheism”. シカゴ・トリビューン (2007年4月18日). 2019年5月26日閲覧。
^ a b c d 加地伸行『儒教とは何か』中公新書 11版1995年（初版1990年） p.207
^ Subjectivity and Irreligion
^ 「自由人の信仰」
^ 世界の７割「神を信じる」　日本は無神論者の割合で世界２位　ギャラップ国際調査 : 国際 : クリスチャントゥデイ
 ^ 「神は妄想である」および項目「リチャード・ドーキンス」を参照

 参考文献

アンリ・アルヴォン『無神論』文庫クセジュ474、白水社。

Zuckerman, Phil. "Atheism: Contemporary Numbers and Patterns." The Cambridge Companion to Atheism. Ed. Michael Martin. Cambridge University Press, 2007. Cambridge Collections Online. Cambridge University Press. 03 February 2012 doi:10.1017/CCOL0521842700.004

Michael Martin & Ricki Monnier, ed (2006). The Improbability of God. Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books. ISBN 978-1-59102-381-4

関連項目

 有神論

非有神論

形式主義

不可知論

反実在論

汎神論

汎神論論争

理神論

無神論論争

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