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^ Goldfarb, Zachary A (2013”N11ŒŽ30“ú). gMore liberal, populist movement emerging in Democratic Party ahead of 2016 electionsh. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/more-liberal-populist-movement-emerging-in-democratic-party-ahead-of-2016-elections/2013/11/30/6729a850-53a7-11e3-9e2c-e1d01116fd98_story.html 2019”N2ŒŽ1“ú‰{——B 
^ Etzioni, Amitai (2015”N1ŒŽ8“ú). gThe Left's Unpopular Populismh. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/01/the-lefts-unpopular-populism-elizabeth-warren-democratic-party/384310/ 2019”N2ŒŽ1“ú‰{——B 
^ Shahid, Waleed (2016”N12ŒŽ15“ú). gAmerica in Populist Times: An Interview With Chantal Mouffeh. The Nation. https://www.thenation.com/article/america-in-populist-times-an-interview-with-chantal-mouffe/ 2019”N2ŒŽ1“ú‰{——B 
^ Progressive Alliance Parties & Organisations 2019.11.21‰{——
^ a b c g‚¢‚Ü‚³‚ç•·‚¯‚È‚¢–¯Žå“}h (“ú–{Œê). NHK. (2019”N11ŒŽ12“ú). https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/special/presidential-election_2020/basic/system/system_03.html 2020”N11ŒŽ8“ú‰{——B 
^ "The Democratic Party, founded in 1828, is the world's oldest political party" states Kenneth Janda; Jeffrey M. Berry; Jerry Goldman (2010). The Challenge of Democracy: American Government in Global Politics. Cengage Learning. p. 276. ISBN 9780495906186. https://books.google.com/?id=t_lC8k3SELMC&pg=PA276 
^ ¼”ö˜Ÿ”V 1995, p. 116.
^ gƒoƒCƒfƒ“Ž“}“à—Z˜a‚¨‚ڂ‚©‚¸ ‰ñ”ð‚µ‚½‚¢6”N‘O‚Ìgˆ«–²hi¼“ú–{V•·jh. Yahoo!ƒjƒ…[ƒX. 2020”N11ŒŽ12“ú‰{——B
^ uy•Ä‘å“—Ì‘I2020z –¯Žå’†“¹”h‚ªƒoƒCƒfƒ“Ž‚ÅŒ‹‘© ¶”hƒTƒ“ƒ_[ƒXŽ‚Æ‘ÎŒˆ\}‚ÖvwBBCƒjƒ…[ƒXxB2020”N11ŒŽ12“ú‰{——B
^ g‰¸Œ’’†“¹”huˆê–{‰»v‚ÅuƒoƒCƒfƒ“—DˆÊv‚Æ‚È‚Á‚½–¯Žå“}Žw–¼‘ˆ‚¢ ƒtƒH[ƒTƒCƒg-V’ªŽÐƒjƒ…[ƒXƒ}ƒKƒWƒ“FŽžŽ–ƒhƒbƒgƒRƒ€h. ŽžŽ–ƒhƒbƒgƒRƒ€. 2020”N11ŒŽ12“ú‰{——B
^ gu’†“¹v‘Îu¶”hv[‚Ü‚é˜Hü‘Η§ –¯Žå“}A‰‚ÌŒó•âŽÒ“¢˜_‰ïh. ¼“ú–{V•·ƒjƒ…[ƒX. 2020”N11ŒŽ12“ú‰{——B
^ g–¯Žå“}‚ªŸ—˜‚·‚邽‚ß‚É‚ÍA“}“à‚Ì•ª’f‚ðæ‚è‰z‚¦’†“¹”h‚ƶ”h‚ª‚¢‚©‚É­ô‚Ì—Z‡‚ð}‚é‚©‚ªƒ|ƒCƒ“ƒg‚É^‘«—§³•Fi•ÄBZ—F¤Ž–ƒƒVƒ“ƒgƒ“Ž––±ŠƒVƒjƒAƒAƒiƒŠƒXƒgjh. “Á’è”ñ‰c—˜Šˆ“®–@l Œ¾˜_NPO. 2020”N11ŒŽ12“ú‰{——B
^ g–¯Žå“} •›‘å“—ÌŒó•â‚É’†“¹”hƒnƒŠƒXŽ‚ðŽw–¼b‹à—ZŽsê“®Œüb“ŠŽ‘M‘õ‚̃jƒbƒZƒCƒAƒZƒbƒgƒ}ƒlƒWƒƒ“ƒgh. ƒjƒbƒZƒCƒAƒZƒbƒgƒ}ƒlƒWƒƒ“ƒgŠ”Ž®‰ïŽÐ. 2020”N11ŒŽ12“ú‰{——B
^ g–¯ŽåA’†“¹”h‚ªŠª‚«•Ô‚µ •Ä‘å“—Ì‘IŒó•â“¢˜_‰ïh. “ú–{ŒoÏV•· (2019”N11ŒŽ21“ú). 2020”N11ŒŽ12“ú‰{——B
^ g•Ä–¯ŽåŒó•â‘ˆ‚¢ ¶”h‚Æ’†“¹‚Ìa‚Í–„‚Ü‚é‚Ì‚© : ŽÐàh. “Ç”„V•·ƒIƒ“ƒ‰ƒCƒ“ (2020”N3ŒŽ5“ú). 2020”N11ŒŽ12“ú‰{——B
^ gState government trifectash. Ballotpedia. 2018”N1ŒŽ13“ú‰{——B
^ Thompson. gHow Democrats Conquered the Cityh. The Atlantic. 2020”N3ŒŽ13“ú‰{——B
^ a b c d e f g h “ú–{‘å•S‰È‘S‘(ƒjƒbƒ|ƒjƒJ)w–¯Žå“}iƒAƒƒŠƒJ‡O‘jx - ƒRƒgƒoƒ“ƒN
^ —L‰ê’å et al. 1994, p. 300.
^ —L‰ê’å et al. 1994, p. 316.
^ —L‰ê’å et al. 1994, pp. 363?364.
^ —L‰ê’å et al. 1994, p. 375.
^ —L‰ê’å et al. 1994, pp. 389?390.
^ —L‰ê’å et al. 1994, p. 384.
^ —L‰ê’å et al. 1994, p. 394.
^ —L‰ê’å et al. 1993, p. 119.
^ Ö“¡áÁ & ŒÃ–î{ 2012, p. 114.
^ a b c —L‰ê’å et al. 1993, p. 50.
^ ¼”ö˜Ÿ”V 1995, p. 125-128.
^ Ö“¡áÁ & ŒÃ–î{ 2012, p. 118.
^ —L‰ê’å et al. 1994, p. 305.
^ —L‰ê’å et al. 1993, p. 58.
^ a b c ƒuƒŠƒ^ƒjƒJ‘Û‘å•S‰ÈŽ–“T ¬€–ÚŽ–“T‚̉ðàw–¯Žå“}[ƒAƒƒŠƒJ‡O‘]x - ƒRƒgƒoƒ“ƒN
^ Ö“¡áÁ & ŒÃ–î{ 2012, p. 205-206.
^ Arnold, N. Scott (2009). Imposing values: an essay on liberalism and regulation. Florence: Oxford University Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-495-50112-1. https://books.google.com/?id=xGNRRwkZFysC. "Modern liberalism occupies the left-of-center in the traditional political spectrum and is represented by the Democratic Party in the United States." 

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