性_(生物学) - 暇つぶしWikipedia

性_(生物学)

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^ Mills, Alex (1 January 2018) (英語). Biology of Sex. University of Toronto Press. pp. 43?45. ISBN 978-1-4875-9337-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=bLhcDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA43 2023年10月3日閲覧。
^ a b Purves WK, Sadava DE, Orians GH, Heller HC (2000). Life: The Science of Biology. Macmillan. p. 736. ISBN 978-0-7167-3873-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=kS-h84pMJw4C&pg=PA736 2018年3月23日閲覧. "A single body can function as both male and female. Sexual reproduction requires both male and female haploid gametes. In most species, these gametes are produced by individuals that are either male or female. Species that have male and female members are called dioecious (from the Greek for 'two houses'). In some species, a single individual may possess both female and male reproductive systems. Such species are called monoecious ("one house") or hermaphroditic."
^ Royle NJ, Smiseth PT, Kolliker M (2012) (英語). The Evolution of Parental Care. Oxford University Press. pp. 103. ISBN 978-0-19-969257-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=K-EUDAAAQBAJ&pg=PR5&q=Sex%2Bdifferences%2Bin%2Bparental%2Bcare. "The answer is that there is an agreement by convention: individuals producing the smaller of the two gamete types – sperm or pollen – are males, and those producing larger gametes – eggs or ovules – are females."
^ Avise JC (2011) (英語). Hermaphroditism: A Primer on the Biology, Ecology, and Evolution of Dual Sexuality. Columbia University Press. pp. 1?7. ISBN 978-0-231-52715-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=jqiR8C0lEckC&q=Hermaphrodite 2020年9月18日閲覧。
^ a b c d Hake L, O'Connor C. “Genetic Mechanisms of Sex Determination 。Learn Science at Scitable” (英語). www.nature.com. 2017年8月19日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2021年4月13日閲覧。
^ Moore D, Robson JD, Trinci AP (2020). 21st Century guidebook to fungi (2 ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 211?228. ISBN 978-1-108-74568-0
^ Kumar R, Meena M, Swapnil P (2019). "Anisogamy". In Vonk J, Shackelford T (eds.). Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 1?5. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_340-1. ISBN 978-3-319-47829-6. Anisogamy can be defined as a mode of sexual reproduction in which fusing gametes, formed by participating parents, are dissimilar in size.
^ Alberts et al. (2002), "V. 20. Meiosis", U.S. NIH, V. 20. Meiosis Archived 25 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine.
^ Alberts et al. (2002), U.S. National Institutes of Health, "V. 20. The Benefits of Sex Archived 22 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine.".
^ Gilbert (2000), "1.2. Multicellularity: Evolution of Differentiation". 1.2.Mul Archived 8 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine., NIH.
^ Allaby M (2012) (英語). A Dictionary of Plant Sciences. OUP Oxford. p. 350. ISBN 978-0-19-960057-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=wzZGQOmcjqAC&pg=PA350&q=a%2520dictionary%2520of%2520plant%2520sciences%2520oogamy
^ Gee, Henry (1999年11月22日). “Size and the single sex cell”. Nature. オリジナルの2017年10月11日時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20171011062235/http://www.nature.com/news/1999/991122/full/news991125-4.html 2018年6月4日閲覧。
^ Alberts et al. (2002), "3. Mendelian genetics in eukaryotic life cycles", U.S. NIH, 3. Mendelian/eukaryotic Archived 2 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine..
^ Alberts et al. (2002), "V.20. Sperm", U.S. NIH, V.20. Sperm Archived 29 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine..
^ Alberts et al. (2002), "V.20. Eggs", U.S. NIH, V.20. Eggs Archived 29 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine..
^ Alberts et al. (2002), "V.20. Fertilization", U.S. NIH, V.20. Fertilization Archived 19 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine..
^ Ritchison, G.. “Avian Reproduction”. Eastern Kentucky University. 2008年4月12日時点の ⇒オリジナルよりアーカイブ。2008年4月3日閲覧。
^ Gilbert SF (2000). “Gamete Production in Angiosperms”. Developmental Biology (6th ed.). Sunderland (MA): Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-0-87893-243-6. オリジナルの21 April 2021時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10129/ 2021年4月17日閲覧。
^ Dusenbery DB (2009) (英語). Living at Micro Scale: The Unexpected Physics of Being Small. Harvard University Press. pp. 308?326. ISBN 978-0-674-03116-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=QCrimQJu1RAC&pg=PA308&q=living%2Bat%2Bmicro%2Bscale%2Breproduction
^ “Plants, sex & Darwin 。University of Oxford” (英語). www.ox.ac.uk. 2024年1月10日閲覧。
^ a b Judd, Walter S.; Campbell, Christopher S.; Kellogg, Elizabeth A.; Stevens, Peter F.; Donoghue, Michael J. (2002). Plant systematics, a phylogenetic approach (2 ed.). Sunderland MA: Sinauer Associates Inc.. ISBN 0-87893-403-0
^ Nick Lane (2005). Power, Sex, Suicide: Mitochondria and the Meaning of Life. Oxford University Press. pp. 236?237. ISBN 978-0-19-280481-5. https://archive.org/details/powersexsuicidem0000lane
^ Watkinson SC, Boddy L, Money N (2015). The Fungi. Elsevier Science. p. 115. ISBN 978-0-12-382035-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=x8qcBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA115 2018年2月18日閲覧。
^ Matthew P. Scott; Paul Matsudaira; Harvey Lodish; James Darnell; Lawrence Zipursky; Chris A. Kaiser; Arnold Berk; Monty Krieger (2000). Molecular Cell Biology (Fourth ed.). WH Freeman and Co. ISBN 978-0-7167-4366-8. https://archive.org/details/molecularcellbio00harv 14.1. Cell-Type Specification and Mating-Type Conversion in Yeast Archived 1 July 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
^ a b Leonard, J. L. (2013-08-22). “Williams' Paradox and the Role of Phenotypic Plasticity in Sexual Systems”. Integrative and Comparative Biology 53 (4): 671?688. doi:10.1093/icb/ict088. ISSN 1540-7063. PMID 23970358.
^ a b c d e f Bachtrog D, Mank JE, Peichel CL, Kirkpatrick M, Otto SP, Ashman TL, Hahn MW, Kitano J, Mayrose I, Ming R, Perrin N, Ross L, Valenzuela N, Vamosi JC (July 2014). “Sex determination: why so many ways of doing it?”. PLOS Biology 12 (7): e1001899. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001899. PMC 4077654. PMID 24983465. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4077654/.

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