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^ Colgan, Richard (2009). Advice to the Young Physician: On the Art of Medicine. Springer. p. 33. ISBN 978-1-4419-1033-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=DoMVs4HuDAoC&pg=PA33 
^ Ta?kopruluzade: Shaqaiq-e Numaniya, v. 1, p. 48
^ Osman ?evki Uluda?: Be? Bucuk As?rl?k Turk Tababet Tarihi (Five and a Half Centuries of Turkish Medical History). Istanbul, 1969, pp. 35?36
^ Nutton, Vivian (1990). “The Reception of Fracastoro's Theory of Contagion: The Seed That Fell among Thorns?”. Osiris 2nd Series, Vol. 6, Renaissance Medical Learning: Evolution of a Tradition: 196?234. doi:10.1086/368701. JSTOR 301787. PMID 11612689. 
^ Leeuwenhoek, A. (1753). “Part of a Letter from Mr Antony van Leeuwenhoek, concerning the Worms in Sheeps Livers, Gnats, and Animalcula in the Excrements of Frogs”. Philosophical Transactions 22 (260?276): 509?18. Bibcode: 1700RSPT...22..509V. doi:10.1098/rstl.1700.0013. 
^ Leeuwenhoek, A. (1753). “Part of a Letter from Mr Antony van Leeuwenhoek, F. R. S. concerning Green Weeds Growing in Water, and Some Animalcula Found about Them”. Philosophical Transactions 23 (277?288): 1304?11. Bibcode: 1702RSPT...23.1304V. doi:10.1098/rstl.1702.0042. 
^ Lane, Nick (2015). “The Unseen World: Reflections on Leeuwenhoek (1677) 'Concerning Little Animal'”. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 370 (1666): 20140344. doi:10.1098/rstb.2014.0344. PMC 4360124. PMID 25750239. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4360124/. 
^ Payne, A.S. The Cleere Observer: A Biography of Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek, p. 13, Macmillan, 1970
^ Gest, H. (2005). “The remarkable vision of Robert Hooke (1635?1703): first observer of the microbial world”. Perspect. Biol. Med. 48 (2): 266?72. doi:10.1353/pbm.2005.0053. PMID 15834198. 
^ Bordenave, G. (2003). “Louis Pasteur (1822?1895)”. Microbes Infect. 5 (6): 553?60. doi:10.1016/S1286-4579(03)00075-3. PMID 12758285. 
^The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1905 Nobelprize.org Accessed 22 November 2006.
^ O'Brien, S.; Goedert, J. (1996). “HIV causes AIDS: Koch's postulates fulfilled”. Curr Opin Immunol 8 (5): 613?18. doi:10.1016/S0952-7915(96)80075-6. PMID 8902385. https://zenodo.org/record/1260157. 
^ Scamardella, J. M. (1999). “Not plants or animals: a brief history of the origin of Kingdoms Protozoa, Protista and Protoctista”. International Microbiology 2 (4): 207?221. PMID 10943416. ⇒オリジナルの14 June 2011時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20110614000656/http://www.im.microbios.org/08december99/03%20Scamardella.pdf 2017年10月1日閲覧。. 
^ Rothschild, L. J. (1989). “Protozoa, Protista, Protoctista: what's in a name?”. J Hist Biol 22 (2): 277?305. doi:10.1007/BF00139515. PMID 11542176. https://zenodo.org/record/1232387. 
^ Solomon, Eldra Pearl; Berg, Linda R.; Martin, Diana W., eds (2005). “Kingdoms or Domains?”. Biology (7th ed.). Brooks/Cole Thompson Learning. pp. 421?7. ISBN 978-0-534-49276-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=qBOPoEc-zu4C&pg=PA421 
^ a b Madigan, M.; Martinko, J., eds (2006). Brock Biology of Microorganisms (13th ed.). Pearson Education. p. 1096. ISBN 978-0-321-73551-5 
^ Johnson, J. (2001年). “Martinus Willem Beijerinck”. APSnet. American Phytopathological Society. 2010年6月20日時点の ⇒オリジナルよりアーカイブ。2010年5月2日閲覧。 Retrieved from Internet Archive 12 January 2014.
^ Paustian, T.; Roberts, G. (2009). ⇒“Beijerinck and Winogradsky Initiate the Field of Environmental Microbiology”. Through the Microscope: A Look at All Things Small (3rd ed.). Textbook Consortia. § 1?14. オリジナルの14 September 2008時点におけるアーカイブ。. ⇒http://www.microbiologytext.com/index.php?module=Book&func=displayarticle&art_id=32 2017年10月3日閲覧。 
^ Keen, E. C. (2012). “Felix d'Herelle and Our Microbial Future”. Future Microbiology 7 (12): 1337?1339. doi:10.2217/fmb.12.115. PMID 23231482. 
^ Lim, Daniel V. (2001). “Microbiology”. eLS. John Wiley. doi:10.1038/npg.els.0000459. ISBN 978-0-470-01590-2 
^ “What is Microbiology?”. highveld.com. 2017年6月6日時点の ⇒オリジナルよりアーカイブ。2017年6月2日閲覧。
^ Cann, Alan (2011). Principles of Molecular Virology (5 ed.). Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-384939-7 
^ Schopf, J. (2006). “Fossil evidence of Archaean life”. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 361 (1470): 869?885. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1834. PMC 1578735. PMID 16754604. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1578735/. 
^ Altermann, W.; Kazmierczak, J. (2003). “Archean microfossils: a reappraisal of early life on Earth”. Res Microbiol 154 (9): 611?7. doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2003.08.006. PMID 14596897. 
^ Cavalier-Smith, T. (2006). “Cell evolution and Earth history: stasis and revolution”. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 361 (1470): 969?1006. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1842. PMC 1578732. PMID 16754610. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1578732/. 
^ Schopf, J. (1994). “Disparate rates, differing fates: tempo and mode of evolution changed from the Precambrian to the Phanerozoic”. PNAS 91 (15): 6735?6742. Bibcode: 1994PNAS...91.6735S. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.15.6735. PMC 44277. PMID 8041691. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC44277/. 
^ Stanley, S. (May 1973). “An Ecological Theory for the Sudden Origin of Multicellular Life in the Late Precambrian”. PNAS 70 (5): 1486?1489. Bibcode: 1973PNAS...70.1486S. doi:10.1073/pnas.70.5.1486. PMC 433525. PMID 16592084. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC433525/. 
^ DeLong, E.; Pace, N. (2001). “Environmental diversity of bacteria and archaea”. Syst Biol 50 (4): 470?8. doi:10.1080/106351501750435040. PMID 12116647. 
^ Schmidt, A.; Ragazzi, E.; Coppellotti, O.; Roghi, G. (2006). “A microworld in Triassic amber”. Nature 444 (7121): 835. Bibcode: 2006Natur.444..835S. doi:10.1038/444835a. PMID 17167469. 
^ Schirber, Michael (2014年7月27日). “ ⇒Microbe's Innovation May Have Started Largest Extinction Event on Earth”. Space.com. Astrobiology Magazine. 2014年7月29日閲覧。 “That spike in nickel allowed methanogens to take off.”
^ Wolska, K. (2003). “Horizontal DNA transfer between bacteria in the environment”. Acta Microbiol Pol 52 (3): 233?243. PMID 14743976. 

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