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出典^ Karimi, Edith (2016) (ドイツ語). Mimetische Bildung durch Marchen: Phantasie, Narration, Moral [Mimetic education through Marchen: phantasy, narration, morality]. European Studies in Education. 34. Munster: Waxmann Verlag. p. 110. .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja1 q,.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja2 q{quotes:"「""」""『""』"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}ISBN 9783830984726. https://books.google.com/books?id=56E_DQAAQBAJ 2018年10月25日閲覧。 
^ Grimbly, Shona (2000). Encyclopedia of the Ancient World. Taylor & Francis. p. 216. ISBN 978-1-57958-281-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=CRZu51yv1X4C. "The earliest written literature dates from about 2600 BC, when the Sumerians started to write down their long epic poems." 
^ “Why Has No One Ever Heard of the World's First Poet?” (英語). Literary Hub (2017年6月22日). 2019年1月19日閲覧。
^ Toby A. H. Wilkinson: Early Dynastic Egypt. Routledge, London/New York 2001, ISBN 0-415-26011-6.
^ Jones, Mark (2006). Criminals of the Bible: Twenty-Five Case Studies of Biblical Crimes and Outlaws. FaithWalk Publishing. p. 6. ISBN 978-1-932902-64-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=zHnH4DJ9pr0C. "The Sumerian code of Urukagina was written around 2400 BC." 
^ a b Stephanie Dalley, ed (2000). Myths from Mesopotamia: Creation, the Flood, Gilgamesh, and Others. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-953836-2 
^ Eccles, Sir John Carew (1989). Evolution of the Brain: Creation of the Self. Routledge. p. 115. ISBN 978-0-415-03224-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=rM68T7L-lY4C 
^ Miriam., Lichtheim (2006). The Old and Middle Kingdoms. University of California press. p. 23. ISBN 9780520248427. OCLC 889165092 
^ a b c d e James P. Allen (2015). Middle Egyptian Literature: Eight Literary Works of the Middle Kingdom. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-08743-9 
^ Dalley, Stephanie, ed (2000). “Etana (pp. 189ff.)”. Myths from Mesopotamia. Creation, The Flood, Gilgamesh, and Others. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0199538360. https://books.google.com/books?id=0YHfiCz4BRwC&q=Etana&pg=189 
^ Noonan, John T. (1987). Bribes. University of California Press. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-520-06154-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=6zgp1_zeJbEC. "The Poor Man of Nippur dates from about 1500 BC." 
^ Thorkild Jacobsen (1978). The treasures of darkness: a history of Mesopotamian religion. Yale University Press. pp. 167?168, 231  “Perhaps it was brought east with the Amorites of the First Dynasty of Babylon.”
^ Miriam Lichtheim, Ancient Egyptian Literature, vol.2, 1980, p.203
^ Berlin, Adele (2005). “Psalms and the literature of exile: Psalms 137, 44, 69, and 78”. In Flint, Peter W.; Miller, Patrick D.; Brunell, Aaron et al.. The Book of Psalms: Composition and Reception. Supplements to Vetus Testamentum: Formation and interpretation of Old Testament literature. 99. Leiden: Brill. p. 66. ISBN 9789004136427. https://books.google.com/books?id=00ECWP4NZYYC 2020年6月7日閲覧。 
^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qgFnyxD7Xdk
^ according to ancient Jewish and Christian tradition, and some modern scholars; see above inline citations.
^ Talmud, Bava Bathra 146
^ Mishnah, Pirqe Avoth 1:1
^ Josephus, Flavius (1926). “11:8”. The Life. Against Apion. (Loeb Classical Library). Loeb Classical Library. pp. 448. ISBN 978-0-674-99205-4. ""For we have not an innumerable multitude of books among us, disagreeing from and contradicting one another (as the Greeks have) but only 22 books, which are justly believed to be divine; and of them, five belong to Moses, which contain his laws, and the traditions of the origin of mankind till his death."" 

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