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^ (secondary)Gary George Lowder - Studies in volcanic petrology: I. Talasea, New Guinea. II. Southwest Utah Archived 2021-02-05 at the Wayback Machine. University of California, 1970 Retrieved 2012-06-28
^ 三笠宮崇仁親王 - Essays on Anatolian Archaeology Archived 2015-09-05 at the Wayback Machine. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 1993 Retrieved 2012-06-16
^ Vernon Horace Rendall, ed (1904). The Athenaeum. J. Francis. オリジナルの2020-01-11時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20200111030725/https://books.google.com/books?id=LDs6AQAAIAAJ 2016年10月26日閲覧。 Retrieved 2012-06-09
^ Donald A. Mackenzie - Myths of Crete and Pre-Hellenic Europe - ⇒published 1917 Archived 2021-04-11 at the Wayback Machine. - ISBN 1-60506-375-4 Retrieved 2012-06-09
^ R L Smith (2008-07-31), Premodern Trade in World History, Taylor & Francis, 2009, ISBN 978-0-415-42476-9, オリジナルの2021-02-05時点におけるアーカイブ。, https://web.archive.org/web/20210205191139/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ewjeoio1U-QC&q=Obsidian+trade&pg=PA20 2012年6月15日閲覧。
^ P Singh - Neolithic cultures of western Asia Archived 2015-09-05 at the Wayback Machine. Seminar Press, 20 Aug 1974
^ a b J Robb (2007-07-23), The Early Mediterranean Village: Agency, Material Culture, and Social Change in Neolithic Italy, Cambridge University Press, 23 July 2007, ISBN 978-0-521-84241-9, オリジナルの2021-02-05時点におけるアーカイブ。, https://web.archive.org/web/20210205191143/https://books.google.com/books?id=0HeNr9h56uEC&q=Obsidian+trade&pg=PA192 2012年6月11日閲覧。
^ P Goldberg, V T Holliday, C Reid Ferring - Earth Sciences and Archaeology Archived 2021-02-05 at the Wayback Machine. Springer, 2001 ISBN 0-306-46279-6 Retrieved 2012-06-28
^ S L Dyson, R J Rowland ? Archaeology And History In Sardinia From The Stone Age To The Middle Ages: Shepherds, Sailors, & Conquerors Archived 2015-09-05 at the Wayback Machine. University of Pennsylvania - Museum of Archaeology, 2007 ISBN 1-934536-02-4 Retrieved 2012-06-28
^ Smith, Richard L. (2008). Premodern Trade in World History. Themes in World History. Routledge. p. 19. ISBN 9781134095803. オリジナルの22 May 2020時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20200522142440/https://books.google.com/books?id=WBB9AgAAQBAJ 2019年9月7日閲覧. "[...] modern observers have sometimes referred to obsidian as 'rich man's flint.'"
^ Williams-Thorpe, O. (1995). “Obsidian in the Mediterranean and the Near East: A Provenancing Success Story”. Archaeometry 37 (2): 217-48. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1995.tb00740.x.
^ D Harper - ⇒etymology online Archived 2017-07-02 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2012-06-09
^ A. J. Andrea (2011-03-23), World History Encyclopedia, Volume 2, ABC-CLIO, 2011, ISBN 978-1-85109-930-6, オリジナルの2021-02-05時点におけるアーカイブ。, https://web.archive.org/web/20210205061932/https://books.google.com/books?id=LEqaIGsT8SsC&q=Obsidian+trade&pg=PA250 2012年6月11日閲覧。
^ T A H Wilkinson - Early Dynastic Egypt: Strategies, Society and Security [リンク切れ]
^ secondary - [1] Archived 2022-05-23 at the Wayback Machine. + [2] + [3] Archived 2015-09-05 at the Wayback Machine. + [4] Archived 2015-09-05 at the Wayback Machine. + [5] Archived 2015-09-05 at the Wayback Machine.
^ (was secondary)Pliny the Elder (translated by J Bostock, H T Riley) (1857), The natural history of Pliny, Volume 6, H G Bohn 1857, ISBN 978-1-85109-930-6, オリジナルの2021-02-05時点におけるアーカイブ。, https://web.archive.org/web/20210205061515/https://books.google.com/books?id=IEoMAAAAIAAJ&q=Obsius&pg=PA381 2012年6月11日閲覧。
^ a b Emma Blake; A. Bernard Knapp (2008-04-15), The Archaeology Of Mediterranean Prehistory, John Wiley & Sons, 21 Feb 2005, ISBN 978-0-631-23268-1, オリジナルの2021-02-05時点におけるアーカイブ。, https://web.archive.org/web/20210205061516/https://books.google.com/books?id=F15vfrJq8LUC&q=ancient+mediterranean+obsidian+trading&pg=PA35 2012年6月22日閲覧。
^ Toby A. H. Wilkinson -Early Dynastic Egypt: Strategies, Society and Security Routledge, 8 Aug 2001 Retrieved 2012-07-03 [リンク切れ]
^ Collon, Dominique (1990). Near Eastern Seals. University of California Press. p. 33. ISBN 0-520-07308-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=xt8fydZIT4IC&pg=PA33 2012年7月3日閲覧。 Archived 2015-09-05 at the Wayback Machine.
^ Vermaak, P. S.. “Relations between Babylonia and the Levant during the Kassite period”. In Leick, Gwendolyn. The Babylonian world. p. 520. https://books.google.com/books?id=akYorRIWPBEC&pg=PA520 Archived 2015-09-05 at the Wayback Machine. Routledge 2007 Retrieved 2012-07-03 ISBN 1-134-26128-4
^ S Bertman - Handbook To Life In Ancient Mesopotamia Archived 2015-09-05 at the Wayback Machine. Oxford University Press, 7 Jul 2005 Retrieved 2012-07-03 ISBN 0-19-518364-9
^ Etheredge, Laura S., ed. (2011), Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan, The Rosen Publishing Group, p. 44, ISBN 978-1-61530-329-8, https://books.google.com/books?id=rLZQrmRQafcC&pg=PA44 2012年6月15日閲覧。
^ M Dumper; B E Stanley (2007), Cities of The Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia, ABC-CLIO, 2007, ISBN 978-1-57607-919-5, オリジナルの2021-02-05時点におけるアーカイブ。, https://web.archive.org/web/20210205065648/https://books.google.com/books?id=3SapTk5iGDkC&q=Ebla+trade&pg=PA141 2012年6月28日閲覧。
^ B.Gascoigne et al. - History World .net
^ Ivan Dikov (July 12, 2015). “Bulgarian Archaeologists To Start Excavations of Ancient Greek Emporium in Thracians' the Odrysian Kingdom”. Archaeology in Bulgaria. ⇒オリジナルの12 July 2015時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20150712235249/http://archaeologyinbulgaria.com/2015/07/12/bulgarian-archaeologists-to-start-excavations-of-ancient-greek-emporium-in-thracians-odrysian-kingdom/ 2010年10月28日閲覧. "An emporium (in Latin; “emporion" in Greek) was a settlement reserved as a trading post, usually for the Ancient Greeks, on the territory of another ancient nation, in this case, the Ancient Thracian Odrysian Kingdom (5th century BC - 1st century AD), the most powerful Thracian state."
^ Jan David Bakker, Stephan Maurer, J?rn-Steffen Pischke and Ferdinand Rauch. 2021. "Of Mice and Merchants: Connectedness and the Location of Economic Activity in the Iron Age." Review of Economics and Statistics 103 (4): 652-665.
^ Pax Romana let average villagers throughout the Empire conduct day to day affairs without fear of armed attack.
^ P D Curtin - Cross-Cultural Trade in World History Archived 2015-09-05 at the Wayback Machine. Cambridge University Press, 25 May 1984 ISBN 0-521-26931-8 Retrieved 2012-06-25

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