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^ Birley, following the textual and epigraphic citations, concludes that he might only have seen Rome in 127, briefly in 128, and in 131.[44]
^ Commodus was a known consumptive at the time of his adoption, so Hadrian may have intended Marcus' eventual succession anyways.[51]
^ The manuscript is corrupt here.[71]
^ Moderns have not offered as positive an assessment. His second modern editor, Niebhur, thought him stupid and frivolous; his third editor, Naber, found him contemptible.[87] Historians have seen him as a pedant and a bore, his letters offering neither the running political analysis of a Cicero or the conscientious reportage of a Pliny.[88] Recent prosopographic research has rehabilitated his reputation, though not by much.[89]
^ Champlin notes that Marcus' praise of him in the Meditations is out of order (he is praised immediately after Diognetus, who had introduced Marcus to philosophy), giving him special emphasis.[109]
^ Although part of the biographer's account of Lucius is fictionalized (probably to mimic Nero, whose birthday Lucius shared [118]), and another part poorly compiled from a better biographical source,[119]。scholars have accepted these biographical details as accurate.[120]
^ These name-swaps have proven so confusing that even the Historia Augusta, our main source for the period, cannot keep them straight.[133] The fourth-century ecclesiastical historian Eusebius of Caesarea shows even more confusion.[134] The mistaken belief that Lucius had the name Verus before becoming emperor has proven especially popular.[135]
^ There was, however, much precedent. The consulate was a twin magistracy, and earlier emperors had often had a subordinate lieutenant with many imperial offices (under Pius, the lieutenant had been Marcus). Many emperors had planned a joint succession in the past?Augustus planned to leave Gaius Caesar and Lucius Caesar as joint emperors on his death; Tiberius wished to have Gaius Caligula and Tiberius Gemellus do so as well; Claudius left the empire to Nero and Britannicus, imagining that they would accept equal rank?but all of these arrangements had ended in failure, either through premature death (Gaius and Lucius Caesar) or judicial murder (Gemellus by Caligula and Britannicus by Nero).[135]
^ The biographer relates the scurrilous (and, in the judgment of Anthony Birley, untrue) rumor that Commodus was an illegitimate child born of a union between Faustina and a gladiator.[146]
^ Because both Verus and Marcus are said to have taken active part in the recovery (HA Marcus 8.4?5), the flood must have happened before Verus' departure for the east in 162; because it appears in the biographer's narrative after Pius' funeral has finished and the emperors have settled into their offices, it must not have occurred in the spring of 161. A date in autumn 161 or spring 162 is probable, and, given the normal seasonal distribution of Tiber flooding, the most probable date is in spring 162.[162] (Birley dates the flood to autumn 161.[157])
^ Since 15 CE, the river had been administered by a Tiber Conservancy Board, with a consular senator at its head and a permanent staff. In 161, the curator alevi Tiberis et riparum et cloacarum urbis ("Curator of the Tiber Bed and Banks and the City Sewers") was A. Platorius Nepos, son or grandson of the builder of Hadrian's Wall, whose name he shares. He probably had not been particularly incompetent. A more likely candidate for that incompetence is Nepos' likely predecessor, M. Statius Priscus. A military man and consul for 159, Priscus probably looked on the office as little more than paid leave.[164]

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