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^ a b c d e f g h O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., “Al-Khwarizmi”, MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews, https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Al-Khwarizmi/ .
^ a b c d e f Dunlop, D. M. (1943). “Mu?ammad b. M?s? al-?K?hw?rizm?”. The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (Cambridge University Press) (2): 248-250. JSTOR 25221920.
^ Waerden, Bartel L. van der (2013). A History of Algebra: From al-Khw?rizm? to Emmy Noether. Springer Science & Business Media. .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja1 q,.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja2 q{quotes:"「""」""『""』"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}ISBN 9783642515996. https://books.google.com/books?id=W6DwCAAAQBAJ
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Toomer, Gerald (1990). ⇒"Al-Khw?rizm?, Abu Ja'far Mu?ammad ibn M?s?". In Gillispie, Charles Coulston (ed.). Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Vol. 7. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. ISBN 978-0-684-16962-0。
^ a b c Say?l?, Ayd?n (2006年). “ ⇒Al-Khwarizmi, Abdu’l-Hamid Ibn Turk and the Place of Central Asia In the History of Science and Culture” (PDF) (英語). 2019年3月26日閲覧。
^ a b 矢島, 祐利『アラビア科学史序説』岩波書店、1977年3月25日、185-186頁。
^ a b Brezina, Corona (2006). Al-Khwarizmi: The Inventor of Algebra. Great Muslim philosophers and scientists of the Middle Ages. The Rosen Publishing Group. ISBN 9781404205130. https://books.google.com/books?id=3Sfrxde0CXIC
^ a b c d Rashed, Roshdi (1988). “al-Khw?rizm?'s Concept of Algebra”. In Zurayq, Qus?an??n; Atiyeh, George Nicholas; Oweiss, Ibrahim M.. Arab Civilization: Challenges and Responses : Studies in Honor of Constantine K. Zurayk. SUNY Press. p. 108. ISBN 978-0-88706-698-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=JXbXRKRY_uAC&pg=PA108&dq=Qutrubbulli#PPA108,M1
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