ハプログループR_(Y染色体)

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^ en:Y-DNA haplogroups in South Asian populations

参考文献

 The History and Geography of Human Genes. Princeton University Press. (1994). ISBN 0-691-08750-4

Karafet, T. M.; Mendez, F. L.; Meilerman, M. B.; Underhill, Peter A.; Zegura, S. L.; Hammer, M. F. (May 2008). ⇒“New Binary Polymorphisms Reshape and Increase Resolution of the Human Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup Tree”. Genome Research 18 (5): 830?8. doi:10.1101/gr.7172008. PMC 2336805. PMID 18385274. ⇒http://www.genome.org/cgi/content/abstract/gr.7172008v1. . Published online April 2, 2008. See also ⇒Supplementary Material.

Semino; Passarino, G; Oefner, PJ; Lin, AA; Arbuzova, S; Beckman, LE; De Benedictis, G; Francalacci, P et al. (2000). “The Genetic Legacy of Paleolithic Homo sapiens sapiens in Extant Europeans” (PDF). Science 290 (5494): 1155?9. doi:10.1126/science.290.5494.1155. PMID 11073453. ⇒オリジナルの2003年11月25日時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20031125151213/http://hpgl.stanford.edu/publications/Science_2000_v290_p1155.pdf.

Wells; Yuldasheva, N; Ruzibakiev, R; Underhill, PA; Evseeva, I; Blue-Smith, J; Jin, L; Su, B et al. (2001). ⇒“The Eurasian Heartland: A continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity” (PDF). PNAS 98 (18): 10244?9. doi:10.1073/pnas.171305098. PMC 56946. PMID 11526236. ⇒http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/98/18/10244.pdf.

Passarino; Cavalleri, GL; Lin, AA; Cavalli-Sforza, LL; Borresen-Dale, AL; Underhill, PA (2002). ⇒“Different genetic components in the Norwegian population revealed by the analysis of mtDNA and Y chromosome polymorphisms”. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 10 (9): 521?9. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200834. PMID 12173029. ⇒http://www.nature.com/ejhg/journal/v10/n9/full/5200834a.html.

Behar; Thomas, MG; Skorecki, K; Hammer, MF; Bulygina, E; Rosengarten, D; Jones, AL; Held, K et al. (2003). “Multiple Origins of Ashkenazi Levites: Y Chromosome Evidence for Both Near Eastern and European Ancestries” (– ⇒Scholar search). Am. J. Hum. Genet. 73 (4): 768?779. doi:10.1086/378506. PMC 1180600. PMID 13680527. ⇒オリジナルの2012年12月11日時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://archive.is/20121211143714/http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/AJHG/journal/issues/v73n4/40097/40097.html.

Anjana Saha, Swarkar Sharma, Audesh Bhat, Awadesh Pandit, Ramesh Bamezai (2005). “Genetic affinity among five different population groups in India reflecting a Y-chromosome gene flow”. J Hum Genet 50 (1): 49?51. doi:10.1007/s10038-004-0219-3. PMID 15611834.

Sengupta; Zhivotovsky, LA; King, R; Mehdi, SQ; Edmonds, CA; Chow, CE; Lin, AA; Mitra, M et al. (2005). “Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists”. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 78 (2): 202?21. doi:10.1086/499411. PMC 1380230. PMID 16400607. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1380230/.

Cinnioglu (2004). Excavating Y-chromosome haplotype strata in Anatolia. ⇒オリジナルの2006年6月19日時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20060619105314/http://hpgl.stanford.edu/publications/HG_2004_v114_p127-148.pdf.

Underhill, Peter A; Myres, NM; Rootsi, S; Metspalu, M; Zhivotovsky, LA; King, RJ; Lin, AA; Chow, CE et al. (2009). “Separating the post-Glacial coancestry of European and Asian Y chromosomes within haplogroup R1a”. European Journal of Human Genetics 18 (4): 479?84. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2009.194. PMC 2987245. PMID 19888303. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2987245/.

Kayser, M; Brauer, S; Weiss, G; Schiefenhovel, W; Underhill, P; Shen, P; Oefner, P; Tommaseo-Ponzetta, M et al. (2003). “Reduced Y-Chromosome, but Not Mitochondrial DNA, Diversity in Human Populations from West New Guinea”. American Journal of Human Genetics 72 (2): 281?302. doi:10.1086/346065. PMC 379223. PMID 12532283. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC379223/.

Firasat, Sadaf; Khaliq, Shagufta; Mohyuddin, Aisha; Papaioannou, Myrto; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Underhill, Peter A; Ayub, Qasim (2007). “Y-chromosomal evidence for a limited Greek contribution to the Pathan population of Pakistan”. European Journal of Human Genetics 15 (1): 121?126. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201726. PMC 2588664. PMID 17047675. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2588664/.

Krahn, Thomas. “FTDNA Draft Y-DNA Tree (AKA YTree)”. Family Tree DNA. 2015年8月15日時点の ⇒オリジナルよりアーカイブ。2012年12月7日閲覧。