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チンパンジー

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^ a b c d e f g h i j k Humle, T., Maisels, F., Oates, J.F., Plumptre, A. & Williamson, E.A. 2016. Pan troglodytes(errata version published in 2018). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T15933A129038584. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T15933A17964454.en. Downloaded on 29 February 2020.Oates, J.F., Doumbe, O., Dunn, A., Gonder, M.K., Ikemeh, R., Imong, I., Morgan, B.J., Ogunjemite, B. & Sommer, V. 2016. Pan troglodytes ellioti. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T40014A17990330. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T40014A17990330.en. Downloaded on 29 February 2020.Plumptre, A., Hart, J.A., Hicks, T.C., Nixon, S., Piel, A.K. & Pintea, L. 2016. Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii (errata version published in 2016). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T15937A102329417. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T15937A17990187.en. Downloaded on 29 February 2020.Maisels, F., Strindberg, S., Greer, D., Jeffery, K., Morgan, D.L. & Sanz, C. 2016. Pan troglodytes troglodytes (errata version published in 2016). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T15936A102332276. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T15936A17990042.en. Downloaded on 29 February 2020.Humle, T., Boesch, C., Campbell, G., Junker, J., Koops, K., Kuehl, H. & Sop, T. 2016. Pan troglodytes verus (errata version published in 2016). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T15935A102327574. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T15935A17989872.en. Downloaded on 29 February 2020.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 山極寿一「チンパンジー」『動物世界遺産レッド・データ・アニマルズ6 アフリカ』小原秀雄・浦本昌紀・太田英利・松井正文編著、講談社、2000年、148-149頁
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o 岩本光雄「サルの分類名(その4:類人猿)」『霊長類研究』第3巻 2号、日本霊長類学会、1987年、119-126頁。
^ a b c d Melissa Emery Thompson & Richard W. Wrangham, "Pan troglodytes," The Mammals of Africa, Volume II: Primates, Thomas M. Butynski & Jonathan Kingdon & jan Kalina (ed.), Bloomsbury Publishing, 2013, Pages 55-64.
^ 三上章允. “ ⇒化石人類の脳”. 中部学院大学. 2012年9月10日閲覧。
^ a b c d e 橋本千絵「ヒガシチンパンジー」「チュウオウチンパンジー」「ニシチンパンジー」『世界で一番美しいサルの図鑑』湯本貴和全体監修・古市剛史「アフリカ」監修、エクスナレッジ、2017年、206-213頁。
^ “DNA人類進化学 - 3.ヒトがサルと分かれた日”. 遺伝学電子博物館. 2016年3月13日時点の ⇒オリジナルよりアーカイブ。2012年9月10日閲覧。
^ The International Chimpanzee Chromosome 22 Consortium (2004). “DNA sequence and comparative analysis of chimpanzee chromosome 22”. Nature 429: 382-388. doi:10.1038/nature02564. .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja1 q,.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja2 q{quotes:"「""」""『""』"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}PMID 15164055.
^ Chimpanzee Sequencing and Analysis Consortium (September 2005). ⇒“Initial sequence of the chimpanzee genome and comparison with the human genome”. Nature 437 (7055): 69?87. Bibcode: 2005Natur.437...69.. doi:10.1038/nature04072. PMID 16136131. ⇒http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v437/n7055/full/nature04072.html.
^ Kuroki et al. (2006). “Comparative analysis of chimpanzee and human Y chromosomes unveils complex evolutionary pathway”. Nat. Genet. 38: 158-167. doi:10.1038/ng1729. PMID 16388311.
^ Varki A. and Altheide T.K. (2005). “Comparing the human and chimpanzee genomes: searching for needles in a haystack”. Genome Res. 15: 1746-1758. doi:10.1101/gr.3737405. PMID 16339373.
^ Webster M.T. Smith N.G. and Ellegren H. (2003). “Compositional evolution of noncoding DNA in the human and chimpanzee genomes”. Mol. Biol. Evol. 20: 278-286. doi:10.1093/molbev/msg037. PMID 12598695.
^ Chimpanzee Sequencing and Analysis Consortium (September 2005). ⇒“Initial sequence of the chimpanzee genome and comparison with the human genome”. Nature 437 (7055): 69?87. Bibcode: 2005Natur.437...69.. doi:10.1038/nature04072. PMID 16136131. ⇒http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v437/n7055/full/nature04072.html.

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