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^ Galvani, Alison P.; May, Robert M.. “Epidemiology: Dimensions of superspreading”. Nature 438: 293?295. doi:10.1038/438293a. .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja1 q,.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja2 q{quotes:"「""」""『""』"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}PMID 16292292.
^ a b c d e Lloyd-Smith, JO; Schreiber, SJ; Kopp, PE; Getz, WM (2005). “Superspreading and the effect of individual variation on disease emergence”. Nature 438: 355?359. doi:10.1038/nature04153. PMID 16292310.
^ Stein, Richard A. (2011). “Superspreaders in Infectious Disease”. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 15 (8): 510?513. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2010.06.020. PMID 21737332.
^ 米井香織／高森郁哉（訳） (2003年5月23日). “SARSの謎を解く鍵となるか？「スーパースプレッダー」(下)”. WIRED.jp. 2017年9月24日閲覧。
^ Z. Shen, F. Ning, W. Zhou, L.He, C. Lin, D. Chin, Z. Zhus, A. Schuchat. (Feb. 2004). “Superspreading events, Beijing, 2003.”. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 10 (2): 256-60. doi:10.3201/eid1002.030732. PMC 3322930. PMID 15030693. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15030693.
^ Stein, Richard A. (August 2011). “Super-spreaders in infectious diseases”. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 15 (8): e510-e513. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2010.06.020. PMID 21737332. "The minority of individuals who infect disproportionately more susceptible contacts, as compared to most individuals who infect few or no others, became known as super-spreaders, and their existence is deeply rooted in history: between 1900 and 1907, Typhoid Mary infected 51 individuals, three of whom died, even though she only had an asymptomatic infection."
^ Cory, David C. Wiley, Amy C. (2013). Encyclopedia of School Health. Los Angeles, Calif.: SAGE. ISBN 9781412996006. "Historically, one of the most famous examples of super-spreading was that of Mary Mallon, better known as Typhoid Mary, who infected many contacts, several of whom died, through food she prepared and consequently contaminated, even thought she did not show symptoms."
^ a b Kenneth J. Rothman, Sander Greenland, and Timothy L. Lash (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd Edition ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. p. 561
^ Galvani, Alison P.; Robert M. (17 November 2005). ⇒“Epidemiology: Dimensions of super-spreading”. Nature 438 (7066): 239?295. doi:10.1038/438293a. PMID 16292292. ⇒http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v438/n7066/full/438293a.html 2014年4月18日閲覧。.
^ "基本再生産数". デジタル大辞泉. 大辞泉 (2012年4月更新版 ed.). 小学館. 2012.
^ De Serres, G; Markowski, F; Toth, E; Landry, M; Auger, D; et.al. (2013). “Largest measles epidemic in North America in a decade?Quebec, Canada, 2011: contribution of susceptibility, serendipity, and superspreading events”. J Infect Dis 207: 990?998. doi:10.1093/infdis/jis923. PMID 23264672.
^ Cohen, M.S. Hoffman; IF; Royce, RA; Kazembe, P; Dyer, JR; Daly, OC et al. (1997). “Reduction of concentration of HIV-1 in semen after treatment of urethritis: implications for prevention of sexual transmission of HIV-1. AIDSCAP Malawi Research Group”. Lancet 349: 1868?73. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(97)02190-9.
^ Winter, AJ; Taylor, S. Workman J.; White, D.; Ross, JD.; Swan, AV; Pillay, D. (1999). “Asymptomatic urethritis and detection of HIV-1 RNA in seminal plasma”. Sex Transm Infect 75 (261): 3.

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