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スペクトル型

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^ “ ⇒天文学辞典 ≫ 測光システム”. 天文学辞典. 日本天文学会. 2020年1月31日閲覧。
^ a b “ ⇒天文学辞典 ≫ UBV測光”. 天文学辞典. 日本天文学会. 2020年1月31日閲覧。
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^ Weidner, Carsten; Vink, Jorick S. (2010-12). “The masses, and the mass discrepancy of O-type stars”. Astronomy and Astrophysics 524: A98. arXiv:1010.2204. Bibcode: 2010A&A...524A..98W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014491.
^ Charity, Mitchell. “ ⇒What color are the stars?”. Vendian.org. 2006年5月13日閲覧。
^ “ ⇒Colour of Stars”. Australia Telescope National Facility (2018年10月17日). 2020年1月31日閲覧。
^ a b c d Baraffe, I.; Chabrier, G.; Barman, T. S.; Allard, F.; Hauschildt, P. H. (May 2003). “Evolutionary models for cool brown dwarfs and extrasolar giant planets. The case of HD 209458”. Astronomy and Astrophysics 402 (2): 701?712. arXiv:astro-ph/0302293. Bibcode: 2003A&A...402..701B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20030252.
^ a b c d e f g h Ledrew, Glenn (2001-02). “The Real Starry Sky”. Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada 95: 32. Bibcode: 2001JRASC..95...32L.
^ Sota, A.; Maiz Apellaniz, J.; Morrell, N. I.; Barba, R. H.; Walborn, N. R. et al. (March 2014). “The Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey (GOSSS). II. Bright Southern Stars”. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 211 (1): 10. arXiv:1312.6222. Bibcode: 2014ApJS..211...10S. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/211/1/10.
^ a b Phillips, Kenneth J. H. (1995). Guide to the Sun. Cambridge University Press. pp. 47?53. ISBN 978-0-521-39788-9
^ Moore, Patrick (1992). The Guinness Book of Astronomy: Facts & Feats (4th ed.). Guinness. ISBN 978-0-85112-940-2
^ Russell, Henry Norris (1914-03). “Relations Between the Spectra and Other Characteristics of the Stars”. Popular Astronomy 22: 275?294. Bibcode: 1914PA.....22..275R.
^ Saha, M. N. (1921). “On a Physical Theory of Stellar Spectra”. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 99 (697): 135?153. Bibcode: 1921RSPSA..99..135S. doi:10.1098/rspa.1921.0029. ISSN 1364-5021.
^ Payne, Cecilia Helena (1925). Stellar Atmospheres; a Contribution to the Observational Study of High Temperature in the Reversing Layers of Stars (Ph.D). Radcliffe College. Bibcode:1925PhDT.........1P。
^ Pickles, A. J. (1998). “A Stellar Spectral Flux Library: 1150?25000 A”. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 110 (749): 863?878. Bibcode: 1998PASP..110..863P. doi:10.1086/316197. ISSN 0004-6280.
^ Morgan, William Wilson; Keenan, Philip Childs; Kellman, Edith (1943). An atlas of stellar spectra, with an outline of spectral classification. The University of Chicago Press. Bibcode: 1943assw.book.....M. OCLC 1806249
^ Morgan, William Wilson; Keenan, Philip Childs (1973). “Spectral Classification”. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 11: 29?50. Bibcode: 1973ARA&A..11...29M. doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.11.090173.000333.
^ a b c d “A note on the spectral atlas and spectral classification”. ストラスブール天文データセンター. 2015年1月2日閲覧。
^ Caballero-Nieves, S. M.; Nelan, E. P.; Gies, D. R.; Wallace, D. J.; DeGioia-Eastwood, K. et al. (2014-02). “A High Angular Resolution Survey of Massive Stars in Cygnus OB2: Results from the Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensors”. The Astronomical Journal 147 (2): 40. arXiv:1311.5087. Bibcode: 2014AJ....147...40C. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/147/2/40.
^ Prinja, R. K.; Massa, D. L. (2010-10). “Signature of wide-spread clumping in B supergiant winds”. Astronomy and Astrophysics 521: L55. arXiv:1007.2744. Bibcode: 2010A&A...521L..55P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015252.
^ Gray, David F. (2010-11). “Photospheric Variations of the Supergiant γ Cyg”. The Astronomical Journal 140 (5): 1329?1336. Bibcode: 2010AJ....140.1329G. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/5/1329.
^ a b Naze, Y. (2009-11). “Hot stars observed by XMM-Newton. I. The catalog and the properties of OB stars”. Astronomy and Astrophysics 506 (2): 1055?1064. arXiv:0908.1461. Bibcode: 2009A&A...506.1055N. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912659.
^ Lyubimkov, Leonid S.; Lambert, David L.; Rostopchin, Sergey I.; Rachkovskaya, Tamara M.; Poklad, Dmitry B. (2010-02). “Accurate fundamental parameters for A-, F- and G-type Supergiants in the solar neighbourhood”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 402 (2): 1369?1379. arXiv:0911.1335. Bibcode: 2010MNRAS.402.1369L. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15979.x.
^ Gray, R. O.; Corbally, C. J.; Garrison, R. F.; McFadden, M. T.; Robinson, P. E. (2003-10). “Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 Parsecs: The Northern Sample. I”. The Astronomical Journal 126 (4): 2048?2059. arXiv:astro-ph/0308182. Bibcode: 2003AJ....126.2048G. doi:10.1086/378365.

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