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^ 山本正『図説 アイルランドの歴史』河出書房新社、2017年、21頁。ISBN 978-4-309-76253-1。
^ “ ⇒Zorac歴史サイト - アンジュー帝国の誕生(1) - ヘンリー2世”. reasonable.sakura.ne.jp. 2023年4月15日閲覧。
^ John Gillingham: "The Angevin Empire" page 2, second edition, Arnold Editions.
^ Norgate, Kate, ⇒England Under the Angevin Kings.
^ Martin Aurell - L'empire des Plantagenet page 11: En 1984, resumant les communications d'un colloque franco-anglais tenu a Fontevraud (Anjou), lieu de memoire par excellence des Plantagenet, Robert Henri-Bautier, cote francais, n'est pas en reste, proposant, pour cette "juxtaposition d'entites" sans "aucune structure commune" de substituer l'imprecis "espace" aux trop contraignants "Empire Plantagenet" ou "Etat anglo-angevin".
^ ⇒Definition of "Angevin" from "Laboratoire d'Analyse et de Traitement Informatique de la Langue Francaise".
^ "Capetian France 937 - 1328" Editions Longman page 221: "Closer investigation suggests that several of these assumptions are unfounded. One is that the Angevin dominions ever formed an empire in any sense of the word."
^ David Carpenter "The Struggle for Mastery" page 191: "England and Normandy were now part of a much larger political entity which historians often call (without any precise constitutional meaning) the 'Angevin Empire'."
^ The Angevin Empire page 3: "Unquestionably if used in conjunction with atlases in which Henry II's lands are coloured red, it is a dangerous term, for the overtones of the British Empire are unavoidable and politically crass. But in ordinary English usage 'empire' can mean nothing more specific than an extensive territory, especially an aggregate of many states, ruled over by a single ruler. When coupled with 'Angevin', it should, if anything, imply a French rather than a 'British' Empire."
^ Martin Aurell "L'empire des Plantagenet" page 10: Il n'empeche que des reticences ont naguere ete exprimees par quelques historiens. Elles contiennent leur part de verite, et ont le merite de nuancer un probleme complexe. D'abord elles proviennent de ceux qui considerent que le terme "empire" devrait etre reserve a l'Empire Romano-Germanique, seule realite institutionelle de l'Occident medieval nommee explicitement par les sources d'epoque
^ Martin Aurell - L'empire des Plantagenet page 10: Plus solides, d'autres critiques emanent, ensuite, de specialistes du droit et de la science politique pour qui l'etendue des domaines d'Henri II, si impressionnante soit-elle pour le XIIeme siecle, fait bien pale figure en comparaison des vastes Empires helleniques, romains, byzantins, abbasside, ottoman ou Habsbourg, sans mentionner les empires coloniaux du XIXeme siecle.
^ Capetian France page 222: "As for the idea that the Plantagenet lands were seen as an empire, in the sense of a political unit, there is no substance for this usage in contemporary thought. Why do we need to use this term at all? Henry II and Richard I did not do so."
^ Martin Aurell - L'empire des Plantagenet page 10: Dans "le dialogue sur l'echiquier" (vers 1179), un ouvrage technique sur le principal organe financier de l'Angleterre, redige par l'eveque de Londres et tresorier d'Henri II, Richard Fitz Nigel (vers 1130 - 1198), on peut lire: "par ses victoires le roi elargit (dilataverit) son empire au loin."
^ The Angevin Empire page 5: "In these circumstances there is a danger of attributing England an importance which it may not have possessed. In one way England undeniably 'was' the most important part - it gave the ruler a royal crown. Since the first element in his title was then 'Rex Anglorum' this meant that the most convenient shorthand of referring to him was "king of England" or even - Frenchman though he was - as the English king, "il reis Engles".
^ Martin Aurell- L'empire des Plantagenets page 11: De meme en 1973, William L. Warren rejette explicitement l'expression "Empire", au nom du lien trop lache unissant les differentes principautes territoriales gouvernees par Henri II; tout au plus admet-il l'existence d'un "Commonwealth", souple federation regroupant sept "Dominions" autonomes, dont le seul point commun serait leur dependance, a peine fondee sur la vassalite et le serment de fidelite, au roi.
^ a b Capetian France 937 - 1328" Editions Longman page 74: "There was a hiatus between the Carolingian duchy and its successor that was assembled by Count of Poitou in the early tenth century..."
^ Capetian France 937 - 1328 page 64: "Then in 1151 Henry Plantagenet paid hommage for the duchy to Louis VII in Paris, homage he repeated as king of England in 1156."
^ John Gillingham: "The Angevin Empire" page 50: "... in 1169 Henry II ordered the construction of dykes to mark the line of the frontier."
^ a b David Carpenter "The Struggle for Mastery" page 91: "But this absenteeism solidified rather than sapped royal government since it engendered structures both to maintain peace and extract money in the King's absence, money which was above all needed across the Channel."
^ "Capetian France 937 - 1328" Editions Longman page 66: "Greater Anjou" is a modern expression, referring to the adjacent territories ruled by the counts of Anjou: these were Anjou, Maine, Touraine, Vendome and Saintonge."
^ Capetian France page 67: The Capetians were ultimately to reap the benefits of these devellopments after Anjou fell to Philip Augustus in 1203-4.
^ Elizabeth M. Hallam & Judith Everard - Capetian France 987-1328 Editions Longman page 76: "Central political power was weak and society unusually lacking in hierarchy... Dukes William IX and William X made some headway, and later so too did Richard the Lionheart, but they were only partly successful."
^ John Gillingham: "The Angevin Empire" page 30: "The history of Gascony furnished sufficient grounds on which he (Henry II) could have pushed claims to Lordship over Bearn, Bigorre, Comminges, Armagnac and Fezensac. But he seems to have made no effort to do so; indeed he allowed Bearn to slip into the orbit of Aragon and stay there."
^ "Sean Duffy in Medieval Ireland observes that 'there is no contemporary depiction of it [the invasion] as Anglo-Norman or Cambro-Norman, or, for that matter, Anglo-French or Anglo-Continental. Such terms are modern concoctions, convenient shorthands, which serve to emphasize the undoubted fact that those who began to settle in Ireland at this point were not of any one national or ethnic origin' (pp 58-9)." Information retrieved from wikipedia's page on "Norman Ireland"
^ a b The Struggle for Mastery page 226: By the Treaty of Falaise in 1174 William was released, but in return for acknowledging that his kingdom was henceforth a fief held from the king of England. Henry was also to receive hommage and fealty from the earls and barons and other men of "the land of the king". All of this was to be guaranteed though the surrender by King William of the castles of Roxburgh, Berwick, Jedburgh,, Edinburgh and Sterling.
^ John Gillingham "The Angevin Empire" page 24: "Increasingly over the next few years he behaved as though he (Henry II) were lord of Brittany, or at any rate of eastern Brittany, arranging Conan's marriage, appointing an archbishop of Dol and manipulating to his own advantage the inheritance customs of the Breton nobles."
^ a b "The Struggle for Mastery" page 215: "In 1171 Henry led a great army to Pembroke, whence he sailed for Ireland. This was a decisive moment in Welsh history. Henry's intervention in Ireland made the security of south Wales an absolute necessity. Had he met resistance he would doubtless have achieved it by force. Instead it was achieved by Rhys's immediate submission, a submission so spontaneous and dignified that it immediately won Henry's trust."
^ The Angevin Empire page 58: Thus the revenue at the start of Henry II's reign, averaging about £10,500 a year during the three years 1156-58, was less than half that indicated by the one surviving pipe roll of Henry I's reign.
^ a b The Struggle for Mastery page 191: Henry II inherited a very different realm from that seized by Stephen nineteen years earlier. Royal revenue was down by two-thirds; royal lands, together with castles and sheriffdoms, had been granted away, often with hereditary rights; earldoms, often with semi-regal powers, had proliferated; control over the church had been shaken; the former royal bastion in South Wales had passed into the hands of barons and native rulers; and the far north of England was now subject to the king of the Scots.
^ "Crises, Revolutions and Self-sustained Growth: Essays in European Fiscal History 1130 - 1830", editions Stamford. Section: "The Norman fiscal revolution, 1193-98" by V. Moss.
^ "King John, new interpretations", editions S.D. Church. Section: "The English economy in the early thirteenth century" by J.L. Bolton.
^ "The Angevin Empire" page 60: "In 1198, for example, both Caen and Rouen had to find more money than London."
^ Capetian France page 227: "it (a surviving contemporary document) also demonstrates that the royal finances were operating by a well-established system."
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