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概要

解説Adolf Eichmann, 1942.jpg

SS-Obersturmbannfuhrer Adolf Eichmann (1906?1962), head of Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA, Reich Security Central Office) Department IV B4 (Jewish affairs), who organized the deportation of Jews to the Auschwitz concentration camp in German-occupied Poland during the Holocaust. Taken in or around 1942, this appears to have been Eichmann's official RSHA ID photograph. Yad Vashem describes the image as "Eichmann, RSHA (Reich Central Security Office), 1942, Collection Archive, Yad Vashem Archives." See this version with a signature; the holes from the hole punch are visible.

The image shows Eichmann in his Obersturmbannfuhrer (lieutenant colonel) uniform, with four silver pips and a stripe on the left collar. He became Obersturmbannfuhrer on 9 November 1941.[1]

David Cesarani writes: The much used official photograph of the smiling young SS officer with filmstar looks who deported millions of Jews to the death camps seems to personify all the perpetrators of Nazi genocide. The ubiquity of this image is equalled by that of Eichmann at his trial in Jerusalem in 1961, sitting or standing inside a bulletproof glass booth.[2]

It is not known where the photograph was taken. After the Wannsee Conference in January 1942, Eichmann travelled extensively, setting up offices in countries from which Jews were being deported. The birth of his children mirrored this movement: his first son was born in Berlin, Germany, in 1936; his second in Vienna, Austria, in 1940; and his third in Prague, Czechoslovakia (now the Czech Republic), in 1942, where he and his wife had rented a home since 1939 and which he regarded as his official residence. He would regularly return to Berlin.[3] (His fourth son was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in 1955.)Bettina Stangneth writes that, from June 1942, when Reinhard Heydrich, head of the RSHA, was assassinated in Prague, Eichmann began ensuring that no one took his photograph.[4] Describing the security measures Eichmann took because he "lived in constant fear of assassination", Dieter Wisliceny, another SS officer, wrote in a statement in 1946: The same caution made him camera-shy. Whenever he needed photographs for identification papers, he had them done by the Gestapo Photographic Laboratory. I myself took two pictures of Eichmann, the first in 1937 and the second in 1944, showing Eichmann in uniform. It was taken in Hungary, and even there Eichmann made me give him the negative. The pictures used to be in my apartment in Vienna 18, Buchleitengasse 8.[5]
日付The photograph was taken in 1941, according to Bettina Stangneth (an Eichmann expert); 1942, according to Yad Vashem; or 1943, according to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
原典Immediate source Blic.rs. Also ⇒Yad Vashem and ⇒United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. The latter credits DIZ Muenchen GMBH, Sueddeutscher Verlag Bilderdienst. Image ID: 00126367.
作者Author and location unknown.Bettina Stangneth's caption for the image says: Unknown photographer, undated (1941), AKG Images, 4217270.[3] The Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (Bavarian State Library) website used to attribute the image to Heinrich Hoffmann (1885?1957) ("image: hoff-895; negative: Hoffmann 8841"), a German photographer who was known as Hitler's personal photographer. The library obtained the negative and a copy of the image as part of a collection purchased from Hoffmann's son in 1993. Following an inquiry from a Wikipedian in 2014, the library checked the negative and confirmed "with certainty" that this is not one of Hoffmann's images. His negatives were made of glass and had identifying numbers etched onto them. The library said they cannot determine the authorship of the Eichmann negative.
許可
(ファイルの再利用)

Because this is an official image, it can be regarded as having been published in the form of an ID document at the time. It is in the public domain in the US because it was published between 1923 and 1977 without compliance with US formalities. If it was part of Eichmann's RSHA personnel file, it would have been seized by the Alien Property Custodian as enemy property. Ladislas Farago wrote in 1974 that passport-size Eichmann photographs were held by the Allies after the war, including in the captured archives of the RSHA, the SS main office, and on file at Nuremberg, numbered No. 2259.[6] The image can also be regarded as the work of a criminal enterprise (the SS). For the Commons status of other images associated with the SS, see:

Category:Auschwitz Album

Commons:Deletion requests/File:Selection Birkenau ramp.jpg